bosu_neg
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bosu_neg [2015/01/23 18:28] (current) anna |
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| - | ====== '14-'15 BoSu Negative ====== | + | full====== '14-'15 BoSu Negative ====== |
| + | =====GSU===== | ||
| ===== Gambling K ===== | ===== Gambling K ===== | ||
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| ====Gambling K - A2 McIvor ==== | ====Gambling K - A2 McIvor ==== | ||
| - | GIBSON | + | **GIBSON, THE END OF THEIR ARTICLE:\\ |
| - | THE END OF THEIR ARTICLE: | + | GIBSON ‘8** (John, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Kent, “The Myth of the Multitude: The Endogenous Demise of Alter-globalist Politics,” Global Society, Vol. 22, No. 2, April, 2008) \\ |
| - | GIBSON ‘8 (John, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Kent, “The Myth of the Multitude: The Endogenous Demise of Alter-globalist Politics,” Global Society, Vol. 22, No. 2, April, 2008) | + | |
| Both Bauman and Zizek argue … than heed their respective calls. | Both Bauman and Zizek argue … than heed their respective calls. | ||
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| We must develop a new adversarial aesthetics that . . . ethics beyond the specious enjoyment promised by Whiteness. | We must develop a new adversarial aesthetics that . . . ethics beyond the specious enjoyment promised by Whiteness. | ||
| - | =====QUARTERS - CHOCOLATE LAXATIVES===== | + | =====Quarters - Chocolate Laxatives===== |
| **LEGALIZATION OF MARIJUANA IS THE CHOCOLATE LAXATIVE—IT IS A LIBERAL VISION OF POLITICS THAT RESISTS THE HARD KERNEL OF THE REAL BY CREATING PLEASURES THAT CONTAIN THEIR OWN PRINCIPLE OF CONSTRAINT. THE IMPACT IS A JUSTICATION OF CAPITALISM, BIOPOLITICS AND COMPLICITY WITH THE WAR MACHINE**\\ | **LEGALIZATION OF MARIJUANA IS THE CHOCOLATE LAXATIVE—IT IS A LIBERAL VISION OF POLITICS THAT RESISTS THE HARD KERNEL OF THE REAL BY CREATING PLEASURES THAT CONTAIN THEIR OWN PRINCIPLE OF CONSTRAINT. THE IMPACT IS A JUSTICATION OF CAPITALISM, BIOPOLITICS AND COMPLICITY WITH THE WAR MACHINE**\\ | ||
| **__ZIZEK ‘3__** (Slavoj, http://www.egs.edu/faculty/slavoj-zizek/articles/homo-sacer-as-the-object-of-the-university-discourse/) | **__ZIZEK ‘3__** (Slavoj, http://www.egs.edu/faculty/slavoj-zizek/articles/homo-sacer-as-the-object-of-the-university-discourse/) | ||
| Line 184: | Line 184: | ||
| Meta-transformation means that just as the . . . the human in a world of psychotechnological mystifications. | Meta-transformation means that just as the . . . the human in a world of psychotechnological mystifications. | ||
| - | =====QUARTERS - CARTELS ADVANTAGE===== | + | =====Quarters - Cartels Advantage===== |
| ***THE AFFIRMATIVE’S DEPICTION OF MEXICO AS A PLACE OF NARCO-CHAOS AND UNREST CONTRIBUTES TO THE DOMINANT NARRATIVES OF THE DRUG WAR, LEGITIMATING IMPERIALIST INTERVENTION AND OBSCURING THAT THE ROOT CAUSE OF ALL THEIR IMPACTS IS US POLICY**\\ | ***THE AFFIRMATIVE’S DEPICTION OF MEXICO AS A PLACE OF NARCO-CHAOS AND UNREST CONTRIBUTES TO THE DOMINANT NARRATIVES OF THE DRUG WAR, LEGITIMATING IMPERIALIST INTERVENTION AND OBSCURING THAT THE ROOT CAUSE OF ALL THEIR IMPACTS IS US POLICY**\\ | ||
| **__CARLOS 14__** (Alfredo, Q.A. Shaw McKean Jr. Fellow @ Rutgers U School of Management and Labor Relations and Doctoral Candidate in Political Science @ U California – Irvine, Mexico “Under Siege”: Drug Cartels or U.S. Imperialism?, Latin American Perspectives, Issue 195, Vol. 41 No. 2, March 2014, p. 43-59) | **__CARLOS 14__** (Alfredo, Q.A. Shaw McKean Jr. Fellow @ Rutgers U School of Management and Labor Relations and Doctoral Candidate in Political Science @ U California – Irvine, Mexico “Under Siege”: Drug Cartels or U.S. Imperialism?, Latin American Perspectives, Issue 195, Vol. 41 No. 2, March 2014, p. 43-59) | ||
| Line 254: | Line 254: | ||
| The further securitization of Africa does not follow . . . two authorized responses to otherness. (60) | The further securitization of Africa does not follow . . . two authorized responses to otherness. (60) | ||
| - | =====QUARTERS - KEEDZ===== | + | =====Quarters - Keedz===== |
| **KIDS WILL GET THE WEED ANYWAY**\\ | **KIDS WILL GET THE WEED ANYWAY**\\ | ||
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| - | =====FINALS - POT K===== | + | =====Finals - Pot K===== |
| **ON APRIL 17, 2010, DRUG LAWYER JENNIFER SOARES STOOD IN FRONT OF A CROWD IN CALIFORNIA AND ANNOUNCED THAT SHE OPPOSED LEGISLATION TO LEGALIZE MARIJUANA IN CALIFORNIA. AN AUDIENCE OF DRUG USERS, HIPPIES, AND INDUSTRY REPRESENTATIVES STARED BACK AT HER.**\\ | **ON APRIL 17, 2010, DRUG LAWYER JENNIFER SOARES STOOD IN FRONT OF A CROWD IN CALIFORNIA AND ANNOUNCED THAT SHE OPPOSED LEGISLATION TO LEGALIZE MARIJUANA IN CALIFORNIA. AN AUDIENCE OF DRUG USERS, HIPPIES, AND INDUSTRY REPRESENTATIVES STARED BACK AT HER.**\\ | ||
| (From the East Bay Express, August . . . -legalization/Content?oid=2018142) | (From the East Bay Express, August . . . -legalization/Content?oid=2018142) | ||
| Line 336: | Line 336: | ||
| That is why for Zi2ek, Bataille is . . . subject in a repetitive cycle of ineffectual transgressions. | That is why for Zi2ek, Bataille is . . . subject in a repetitive cycle of ineffectual transgressions. | ||
| - | =====FINALS - FRAMEWORK===== | + | =====Finals - Framework===== |
| **THE PLAN IS INCOMPATIBLE WITH THE ALT—THE PURITY OF POLICY SOLUTIONS MOBILIZES ONE FASCISM AGAINST ANOTHER—YOU SHOULD REMEMBER THE LISTLESS AND LACK OF JOY WITH WHICH MILES INDICATES THAT THE ONLY REASON TO VOTE AFF IS THAT THEY’RE A LITTLE BIT BETTER AT DEBATE EVEN THOUGH THE AFF IS ABOUT A SYSTEMATIC GENOCIDE. THEY ARE THE MOST JOYLESS REVOLUTIONARIES I’VE EVER SEEN. WE NEED TO BURN A HOLE THROUGH THE WALL, BUT THAT MEANS WE NEED TO KEEP THE WALL**\\ | **THE PLAN IS INCOMPATIBLE WITH THE ALT—THE PURITY OF POLICY SOLUTIONS MOBILIZES ONE FASCISM AGAINST ANOTHER—YOU SHOULD REMEMBER THE LISTLESS AND LACK OF JOY WITH WHICH MILES INDICATES THAT THE ONLY REASON TO VOTE AFF IS THAT THEY’RE A LITTLE BIT BETTER AT DEBATE EVEN THOUGH THE AFF IS ABOUT A SYSTEMATIC GENOCIDE. THEY ARE THE MOST JOYLESS REVOLUTIONARIES I’VE EVER SEEN. WE NEED TO BURN A HOLE THROUGH THE WALL, BUT THAT MEANS WE NEED TO KEEP THE WALL**\\ | ||
| **__LAND ‘92__** (Nick Land is a lecturer in Continental Philosophy at Warwick University, The Thirst for Annihilation: Georges Bataille and Virulent Nihilism, 140) | **__LAND ‘92__** (Nick Land is a lecturer in Continental Philosophy at Warwick University, The Thirst for Annihilation: Georges Bataille and Virulent Nihilism, 140) | ||
| Line 349: | Line 349: | ||
| In the educational theories of Illich, and . . . , any conception of revolutionary pedagogy is doomed. | In the educational theories of Illich, and . . . , any conception of revolutionary pedagogy is doomed. | ||
| - | =====FINALS – OVERVIEW===== | + | =====Finals – Overview===== |
| TRANSGRESSIONS REQUIRE THE LAW, BUT THEY ALSO CLEAR SPACE FOR ITS EVENTUAL ELIMINATION OF LAW | TRANSGRESSIONS REQUIRE THE LAW, BUT THEY ALSO CLEAR SPACE FOR ITS EVENTUAL ELIMINATION OF LAW | ||
| **__DIREK ‘7__** (Zeynep, assoc prof of philosophy at Galatasaray Univ, Turkey, “Erotic experience and sexual difference in Bataille,” in Reading Bataille Now, ed. Shannon Winnubst) | **__DIREK ‘7__** (Zeynep, assoc prof of philosophy at Galatasaray Univ, Turkey, “Erotic experience and sexual difference in Bataille,” in Reading Bataille Now, ed. Shannon Winnubst) | ||
| Line 358: | Line 358: | ||
| As I noted above, the … everything outside this paranoid relationship. | As I noted above, the … everything outside this paranoid relationship. | ||
| - | =====FINALS - A2 NO RACISM===== | + | =====Finals - A2 No Racism====== |
| **ARGUMENTS FOR LEGALIZATION DON’T HAPPEN IN A VACUUM—THEY REFLECT THE DOMINANCE OF WHITENESS, AND THE POST LEGALIZATION REGIME WILL BE AS CONTROLLED BY RACE AND CAPITAL AS THE REGIME OF PROHIBITION. THERE’S NO SOLVENCY FOR THEIR AFF, AND ONLY OR CRITIQUE CAN SOLVE.**\\ | **ARGUMENTS FOR LEGALIZATION DON’T HAPPEN IN A VACUUM—THEY REFLECT THE DOMINANCE OF WHITENESS, AND THE POST LEGALIZATION REGIME WILL BE AS CONTROLLED BY RACE AND CAPITAL AS THE REGIME OF PROHIBITION. THERE’S NO SOLVENCY FOR THEIR AFF, AND ONLY OR CRITIQUE CAN SOLVE.**\\ | ||
| **__ELLISON__**, Washing ton Correspondent, Philadelphia Tribune, 2014 (Charles, http://www.theroot.com/articles/politics/2014/01/legalized_marijuana_could_create_racially_segregated_users.html) | **__ELLISON__**, Washing ton Correspondent, Philadelphia Tribune, 2014 (Charles, http://www.theroot.com/articles/politics/2014/01/legalized_marijuana_could_create_racially_segregated_users.html) | ||
| Line 368: | Line 368: | ||
| - | ===== Finals - Must Do Something ===== | + | =====Finals - Must Do Something===== |
| **THE LAW AGAINST MARIHUANA ENCOURAGES TRANSGRESSION OF LAW IN GENERAL - IT CONVEYS PROHIBITION WITHOUT AUTHORITY WHICH IS PRECISELY WHAT OUR LINK EVIDENCE IS ABOUT**\\ | **THE LAW AGAINST MARIHUANA ENCOURAGES TRANSGRESSION OF LAW IN GENERAL - IT CONVEYS PROHIBITION WITHOUT AUTHORITY WHICH IS PRECISELY WHAT OUR LINK EVIDENCE IS ABOUT**\\ | ||
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| - | =====FINALS - PERM===== | + | =====Finals - Perm===== |
| **TRANSGRESSION NEEDS THE LAW—COMBINING TRANSGRESSION WITH A REFUSAL OF THE LAW RESULTS IN UNLIMITED VIOLENCE**\\ | **TRANSGRESSION NEEDS THE LAW—COMBINING TRANSGRESSION WITH A REFUSAL OF THE LAW RESULTS IN UNLIMITED VIOLENCE**\\ | ||
| **__FOLEY ET AL 2012__** (Matt Foley, Neil McRobert and Aspasia Stephanou, “Introduction: the limits of transgression and the subject,” in Transgression and its limits) | **__FOLEY ET AL 2012__** (Matt Foley, Neil McRobert and Aspasia Stephanou, “Introduction: the limits of transgression and the subject,” in Transgression and its limits) | ||
| Line 390: | Line 390: | ||
| - | =====FINALS – ABBAS K===== | + | =====Finals – Abbas K===== |
| **THE AFF IS A SENTIMENTAL POLITICS WHICH PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WITH VICTIMS OF THE WAR ON DRUGS WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. THE AFF IMAGINES THAT BRINGING THE SUFFERING PRISONER’S BODY INTO THE DEBATE SPACE BECOMES A PROPHYLACTIC FROM OUR VIOLENCE TOWARD OTHERS AND STATE VIOLENCE TOWARD THOSE. **\\ | **THE AFF IS A SENTIMENTAL POLITICS WHICH PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WITH VICTIMS OF THE WAR ON DRUGS WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. THE AFF IMAGINES THAT BRINGING THE SUFFERING PRISONER’S BODY INTO THE DEBATE SPACE BECOMES A PROPHYLACTIC FROM OUR VIOLENCE TOWARD OTHERS AND STATE VIOLENCE TOWARD THOSE. **\\ | ||
| **YOU’RE NOT IN THE MOVEMENT, A BALLOT WON’T HELP IT, AND THEY DON’T WANT YOU INVOLVED. THEIR POLITICIZATION OF THIS VIOLENCE RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BLACK, BROWN AND RED BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, MADE TO DANCE FOR A INFINITELY DEFERRED FREEDOM, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. **\\ | **YOU’RE NOT IN THE MOVEMENT, A BALLOT WON’T HELP IT, AND THEY DON’T WANT YOU INVOLVED. THEIR POLITICIZATION OF THIS VIOLENCE RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BLACK, BROWN AND RED BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, MADE TO DANCE FOR A INFINITELY DEFERRED FREEDOM, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. **\\ | ||
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| In Martha Nussbaum’s celebration of … desire, hope, and life itself. | In Martha Nussbaum’s celebration of … desire, hope, and life itself. | ||
| - | =====FINALS - CASE===== | + | =====Finals - Case===== |
| THE PROLIFERATION OF MEANING AND CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING RELY ON A FANTASY OF COMMUNICATION WHICH IMLODES UNDER ITS OWN WIEGHT. MORE KNOWLEDGE DOES NOT CHANGE REALITY. | THE PROLIFERATION OF MEANING AND CONSCIOUSNESS RAISING RELY ON A FANTASY OF COMMUNICATION WHICH IMLODES UNDER ITS OWN WIEGHT. MORE KNOWLEDGE DOES NOT CHANGE REALITY. | ||
| Line 417: | Line 417: | ||
| What these parallels point … revolutionary pedagogy is doomed. | What these parallels point … revolutionary pedagogy is doomed. | ||
| - | ===== KY ROUND 2 JASON’S FARM-FRESH PRODUCE K===== | + | =====Kentucky===== |
| + | ====Kentucky Round 2 Jason's Farm-Fresh Produce K==== | ||
| **LEGALIZATION OF MARIJUANA IS THE CHOCOLATE LAXATIVE— A LIBERAL VISION OF POLITICS THAT RESISTS THE HARD KERNEL OF THE REAL BY CREATING PLEASURES THAT CONTAIN THEIR OWN PRINCIPLE OF CONSTRAINT. “YOU CAN GET YOUR WEED WITH YOUR PEACHES!” **\\ | **LEGALIZATION OF MARIJUANA IS THE CHOCOLATE LAXATIVE— A LIBERAL VISION OF POLITICS THAT RESISTS THE HARD KERNEL OF THE REAL BY CREATING PLEASURES THAT CONTAIN THEIR OWN PRINCIPLE OF CONSTRAINT. “YOU CAN GET YOUR WEED WITH YOUR PEACHES!” **\\ | ||
| **__ŽIŽEK ‘3__** (Slavoj, http://www.egs.edu/faculty/slavoj-zizek/articles/homo-sacer-as-the-object-of-the-university-discourse/) | **__ŽIŽEK ‘3__** (Slavoj, http://www.egs.edu/faculty/slavoj-zizek/articles/homo-sacer-as-the-object-of-the-university-discourse/) | ||
| Line 434: | Line 435: | ||
| Why can the paradigm of representation not function . . . constitutive of reality and not of its representation. | Why can the paradigm of representation not function . . . constitutive of reality and not of its representation. | ||
| - | ===== KY ROUND 2 CRETINOUS OEDIPUS K===== | + | ====Kentucky Round 2 Cretinous Oedipus K==== |
| **YOUR EXTINCTION SCENARIOS ARE INEVITABLE**\\ | **YOUR EXTINCTION SCENARIOS ARE INEVITABLE**\\ | ||
| **__FLUSSER ‘83__** (Vilém, Deceased Prof. of Media Studies and Philosophy @ U. of Sao Paulo, “Our Dread,” Post-History, pp. 125-127) | **__FLUSSER ‘83__** (Vilém, Deceased Prof. of Media Studies and Philosophy @ U. of Sao Paulo, “Our Dread,” Post-History, pp. 125-127) | ||
| Line 442: | Line 443: | ||
| **__FLUSSER ‘83__** (Vilém, Deceased Prof. of Media Studies and Philosophy @ U. of Sao Paulo, “Our Dread,” Post-History, pp. 128-130) | **__FLUSSER ‘83__** (Vilém, Deceased Prof. of Media Studies and Philosophy @ U. of Sao Paulo, “Our Dread,” Post-History, pp. 128-130) | ||
| We cannot therefore engage with human intelligence against . . . . be anything more terrifying than a cretinous Oedipus? | We cannot therefore engage with human intelligence against . . . . be anything more terrifying than a cretinous Oedipus? | ||
| - | ===== KY ROUND 2 SMALL FARMS===== | + | ====Kentucky Round 2 Small Farms==== |
| **THEY ARE THE MCDONALDIZATION OF WEED. MICROBUD CULTIVATION IS INSIGNIFICANT IN THE FACE OF THE BONFIRE OF INDUSTRIALIZED PRODUCTION**\\ | **THEY ARE THE MCDONALDIZATION OF WEED. MICROBUD CULTIVATION IS INSIGNIFICANT IN THE FACE OF THE BONFIRE OF INDUSTRIALIZED PRODUCTION**\\ | ||
| **__CRAWFORD ‘13__** (Seth S., Assoc. Prof. of Sociology @ Oregon State U., “The Political Economy of Medical Marijuana” pp. 144-151) | **__CRAWFORD ‘13__** (Seth S., Assoc. Prof. of Sociology @ Oregon State U., “The Political Economy of Medical Marijuana” pp. 144-151) | ||
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| None of the foregoing will come as news . . . North/South consumption, and biophysical drawdown. | None of the foregoing will come as news . . . North/South consumption, and biophysical drawdown. | ||
| - | ===== KY ROUND 2 FUMIGATION OR SOMETHING===== | + | ====Kentucky Round 2 Fumigation Or Something==== |
| **THEY CANNOT WIN THIS ADVANTAGE INTERNAL LINK.**\\ | **THEY CANNOT WIN THIS ADVANTAGE INTERNAL LINK.**\\ | ||
| **1) THEY HAVE BOXED AND BOLDED A PART OF THE ARTICLE SAYING THAT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO STOP THE COLUMBIAN DRUG TRADE WITHOUT ENDING UNITED STATES DEMAND FOR THE DRUG. REGARDLESS OF WHAT INTERNATIONAL CREDIBILITY LEGALIZATION HAS – ALLOWING USE OF MARIJUANA IS TOTALLY UNRELATED TO THE FACT THAT WHITE PEOPLE LOVE THE SNOWMAN.**\\ | **1) THEY HAVE BOXED AND BOLDED A PART OF THE ARTICLE SAYING THAT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO STOP THE COLUMBIAN DRUG TRADE WITHOUT ENDING UNITED STATES DEMAND FOR THE DRUG. REGARDLESS OF WHAT INTERNATIONAL CREDIBILITY LEGALIZATION HAS – ALLOWING USE OF MARIJUANA IS TOTALLY UNRELATED TO THE FACT THAT WHITE PEOPLE LOVE THE SNOWMAN.**\\ | ||
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| The popularity of the low resilience assumption is . . . economic arguments to justify the conservation of biodiversity. | The popularity of the low resilience assumption is . . . economic arguments to justify the conservation of biodiversity. | ||
| - | =====KY ROUND 3 DEATH K===== | + | ====Kentucky Round 3 Death K==== |
| **THE AFF’S TURN TO DEATH IS NOT A RADICAL GESTURE; IT MERELY REINFORCES A WESTERN METAPHYSICS BOUND TO NECROPHILIA AND DEATH DEALING. THE AFF’S SYMBOLIC OBSESSION WITH DEATH NECESSARILY FORECLOSES A POLITICS OF NATALITY. INSTEAD OF ENGAGING IN A PROCESS OF CONTINUAL MORTIFICATION, WE MUST EMBRACE NATALITY, AN UNPREDICTABLE AND RADICAL AFFIRMATION OF LIFE THAT IS CAPABLE OF BREAKING FROM A HISTORY OF OBJECTIFICATION THAT MAKES ALL MASS AND MICRO VIOLENCE NECESSARY AND INEVITABLE.**\\ | **THE AFF’S TURN TO DEATH IS NOT A RADICAL GESTURE; IT MERELY REINFORCES A WESTERN METAPHYSICS BOUND TO NECROPHILIA AND DEATH DEALING. THE AFF’S SYMBOLIC OBSESSION WITH DEATH NECESSARILY FORECLOSES A POLITICS OF NATALITY. INSTEAD OF ENGAGING IN A PROCESS OF CONTINUAL MORTIFICATION, WE MUST EMBRACE NATALITY, AN UNPREDICTABLE AND RADICAL AFFIRMATION OF LIFE THAT IS CAPABLE OF BREAKING FROM A HISTORY OF OBJECTIFICATION THAT MAKES ALL MASS AND MICRO VIOLENCE NECESSARY AND INEVITABLE.**\\ | ||
| **__JANTZEN ‘4 __**/Grace M. is Research Professor of Religion, Culture and Gender at the University of Manchester, Death and the Displacement of Beauty: Volume One: Foundations of Violence, London: Routledge, pg. 5-6/ | **__JANTZEN ‘4 __**/Grace M. is Research Professor of Religion, Culture and Gender at the University of Manchester, Death and the Displacement of Beauty: Volume One: Foundations of Violence, London: Routledge, pg. 5-6/ | ||
| Line 510: | Line 511: | ||
| **__WALTERS ‘9__** /Bryan, DPhil, is the Stead Professor of Christian Social Ethics, and Director of the Stead Center for Ethics and Values at Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminar, “REVITALIZING MEDICINE: EMPOWERING NATALITY VS. FEARING MORTALITY.” Ethics & Medicine: An International Journal Of Bioethics, 25(2), 83-94/ | **__WALTERS ‘9__** /Bryan, DPhil, is the Stead Professor of Christian Social Ethics, and Director of the Stead Center for Ethics and Values at Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminar, “REVITALIZING MEDICINE: EMPOWERING NATALITY VS. FEARING MORTALITY.” Ethics & Medicine: An International Journal Of Bioethics, 25(2), 83-94/ | ||
| Arendt insists that if we fixate on death. . . metaphor for ordering our common life.'^ | Arendt insists that if we fixate on death. . . metaphor for ordering our common life.'^ | ||
| - | =====KY ROUND 3 CASE===== | + | ====Kentucky Round 3 Case==== |
| **DESIRE TO PROVIDE “MEANING” OR “CHOICE” FOR CONTEMPORARY DEATH BECOMES SIMPLY ANOTHER MARKET IN THE LIBERAL BEHEMOTH – CHOOSE YOUR OWN DEATHSTYLE. CELEBRATORY AFFIRMATIONS OF ACCESS TO PAS IGNORE THAT CONTEMPORARY SOVEREIGNTY STRUCTURES EVERYONE IN PERMANENT EXPOSURE TO DEATH, WHICH MEANS CRITICISM OF THAT STRUCTURE IS A PREREQUISITE TO PRODUCTIVE RELATION TO DEATH.**\\ | **DESIRE TO PROVIDE “MEANING” OR “CHOICE” FOR CONTEMPORARY DEATH BECOMES SIMPLY ANOTHER MARKET IN THE LIBERAL BEHEMOTH – CHOOSE YOUR OWN DEATHSTYLE. CELEBRATORY AFFIRMATIONS OF ACCESS TO PAS IGNORE THAT CONTEMPORARY SOVEREIGNTY STRUCTURES EVERYONE IN PERMANENT EXPOSURE TO DEATH, WHICH MEANS CRITICISM OF THAT STRUCTURE IS A PREREQUISITE TO PRODUCTIVE RELATION TO DEATH.**\\ | ||
| **__NOYS ‘5__** (Benjamin, Reader in English at the University of Chichester, Culture of Death, pp. 51-52) | **__NOYS ‘5__** (Benjamin, Reader in English at the University of Chichester, Culture of Death, pp. 51-52) | ||
| Line 550: | Line 551: | ||
| We live in a world where there . . . overproduction and regeneration of meaning and of speech. | We live in a world where there . . . overproduction and regeneration of meaning and of speech. | ||
| - | + | =====Wake Forest===== | |
| - | ====WAKE ROUND 2 - SENTIMENTALITY K==== | + | ====Wake Rd 2 - Sentimentality K==== |
| **THE AFF IS A SENTIMENTAL POLITICS WHICH PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. THE AFF IMAGINES THAT BRINGING THE SUFFERING PRISONER’S BODY INTO THE DEBATE SPACE BECOMES A PROPHYLACTIC FROM OUR VIOLENCE TOWARD OTHERS AND STATE VIOLENCE TOWARD THOSE. POLITICIZING THIS VIOLENCE RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, MADE TO DANCE FOR A INFINITELY DEFERRED FREEDOM, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. **\\ | **THE AFF IS A SENTIMENTAL POLITICS WHICH PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. THE AFF IMAGINES THAT BRINGING THE SUFFERING PRISONER’S BODY INTO THE DEBATE SPACE BECOMES A PROPHYLACTIC FROM OUR VIOLENCE TOWARD OTHERS AND STATE VIOLENCE TOWARD THOSE. POLITICIZING THIS VIOLENCE RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, MADE TO DANCE FOR A INFINITELY DEFERRED FREEDOM, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. **\\ | ||
| - | **__BERLANT ’98__** /Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “Poor Eliza,” American Literature, Vol. 70, No. 3, No More Separate Spheres! (Sep., 1998), Duke University Press, pg. 635-668/ | + | **BERLANT ’98** (Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “Poor Eliza,” American Literature, Vol. 70, No. 3, No More Separate Spheres! (Sep., 1998), Duke University Press, pg. 635-668)\\ |
| What distinguishes these critical texts are the startling . . . by the overpresence of the stereotypical image. | What distinguishes these critical texts are the startling . . . by the overpresence of the stereotypical image. | ||
| **THE POLITICS OF ANARCHO-FEMINISM IS A CONTINUATION OF MULTI-CENTURY PROCESS OF TEMPORARY PRIVILEGED IDENTIFICATION WITH THE SUFFERING OTHER, AN OUTLET VALVE FOR FRUSTRATION AT SYSTEMS THAT THEY HAVE LITTLE GENUINE INTEREST IN FIXING. IT PLAYS INTO A BROADER GENRE OF SEXUAL RESISTANCE THAT REMAIN LEGIBLE TO THE GENERIC LIBERAL SUBJECT OF EMPATHY AND END UP SUPPORTING THE SAME VICTIM ECONOMIES THAT MAINTAIN SYSTEMIC DOMINATION AND OPPRESSION**\\ | **THE POLITICS OF ANARCHO-FEMINISM IS A CONTINUATION OF MULTI-CENTURY PROCESS OF TEMPORARY PRIVILEGED IDENTIFICATION WITH THE SUFFERING OTHER, AN OUTLET VALVE FOR FRUSTRATION AT SYSTEMS THAT THEY HAVE LITTLE GENUINE INTEREST IN FIXING. IT PLAYS INTO A BROADER GENRE OF SEXUAL RESISTANCE THAT REMAIN LEGIBLE TO THE GENERIC LIBERAL SUBJECT OF EMPATHY AND END UP SUPPORTING THE SAME VICTIM ECONOMIES THAT MAINTAIN SYSTEMIC DOMINATION AND OPPRESSION**\\ | ||
| - | **__BERLANT ‘13__** /Lauren, George M. Pullman Distinguished Service Professor Department of English, University of Chicago, “The Female Complaint” April 28, http://circleuncoiled.wordpress.com/2013/04/28/lauren-berlant-the-female-complaint/ | + | **BERLANT ‘13** (Lauren, George M. Pullman Distinguished Service Professor Department of English, University of Chicago, “The Female Complaint” April 28, http://circleuncoiled.wordpress.com/2013/04/28/lauren-berlant-the-female-complaint)\\ |
| “Everyone knows what the female complaint is: women live for love, and love is the gift that keeps on taking” 1. Popular culture | “Everyone knows what the female complaint is: women live for love, and love is the gift that keeps on taking” 1. Popular culture | ||
| “market[s] what is sensational . . . of a bourgeois revolutionary aesthetic” 20. | “market[s] what is sensational . . . of a bourgeois revolutionary aesthetic” 20. | ||
| **THE AFF’S PRESENTATION OF SUFFERING CREATES A MARKETPLACE OF TRAUMA, TRANSFORMING WOUNDS INTO A COMMODITY FOR WESTERN CONSUMPTION. THEIR POLITICS OF MOURNING EXISTS BY TURNING THE OTHER INTO A DEAD OBJECT THROUGH WHICH WE CAN CONSTRUCT A SENTIMENTAL ECONOMY OF PLEASURE AND PACIFICATION. THE AFF IS EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION AS DEATHMAKING WHICH ENSURES THE SMOOTH FUNCTIONING OF IMPERIALISM. THEIR FANTASY OF CHANGE THROUGH INVESTMENT IN THE LAW SHIELDS CRITICISM AND GUISES VIOLENCE.**\\ | **THE AFF’S PRESENTATION OF SUFFERING CREATES A MARKETPLACE OF TRAUMA, TRANSFORMING WOUNDS INTO A COMMODITY FOR WESTERN CONSUMPTION. THEIR POLITICS OF MOURNING EXISTS BY TURNING THE OTHER INTO A DEAD OBJECT THROUGH WHICH WE CAN CONSTRUCT A SENTIMENTAL ECONOMY OF PLEASURE AND PACIFICATION. THE AFF IS EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION AS DEATHMAKING WHICH ENSURES THE SMOOTH FUNCTIONING OF IMPERIALISM. THEIR FANTASY OF CHANGE THROUGH INVESTMENT IN THE LAW SHIELDS CRITICISM AND GUISES VIOLENCE.**\\ | ||
| - | **__BERLANT ’99 __**/Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “The Subject of True Feeling: Pain, Privacy and Politics” in Cultural Pluralism, Identity Politics and the Law ed. Sarat & Kearns, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, Pg. 49-54/ | + | **BERLANT ’99** (Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “The Subject of True Feeling: Pain, Privacy and Politics” in Cultural Pluralism, Identity Politics and the Law ed. Sarat & Kearns, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, Pg. 49-54)\\ |
| Ravaged wages and ravaged bodies saturate the global . . . devices for sustaining the hegemonic field.9 | Ravaged wages and ravaged bodies saturate the global . . . devices for sustaining the hegemonic field.9 | ||
| **WE MUST REFUSE THE POLITICS OF LIBERALISM AND THE ECONOMIZATION OF INJURY AND SUFFERING. NOTHING SHORT OF AN OUTRIGHT REJECTION OF THE ENTIRETY OF LIBERALISM – ETHICS, AESTHETICS AND POLITICS – WILL BE SUFFICIENT. OUR POLITICS DOES NOT IGNORE THE VIOLENCE OF THE WORLD, IT REFUSES A PARTICULAR SET OF REPRESETATIONS AND VALUES WHICH ENFRAME SAID SUFFERING AGAINST THE MOVEMENT OF BECOMING, OF LIFE. THE ALTERNATIVE DOES NOT WISH AWAY SUFFERING, NOR CAN IT RESOLVE ALL OF THE VIOLENCE OF MODERNITY, BUT IT CAN OPEN US UP TO EXPERIENCING THE WORLD, NOT AS ZOMBIES OR VAMPIRES, BUT AS CREATURES OF SENSUOUS LIFE.**\\ | **WE MUST REFUSE THE POLITICS OF LIBERALISM AND THE ECONOMIZATION OF INJURY AND SUFFERING. NOTHING SHORT OF AN OUTRIGHT REJECTION OF THE ENTIRETY OF LIBERALISM – ETHICS, AESTHETICS AND POLITICS – WILL BE SUFFICIENT. OUR POLITICS DOES NOT IGNORE THE VIOLENCE OF THE WORLD, IT REFUSES A PARTICULAR SET OF REPRESETATIONS AND VALUES WHICH ENFRAME SAID SUFFERING AGAINST THE MOVEMENT OF BECOMING, OF LIFE. THE ALTERNATIVE DOES NOT WISH AWAY SUFFERING, NOR CAN IT RESOLVE ALL OF THE VIOLENCE OF MODERNITY, BUT IT CAN OPEN US UP TO EXPERIENCING THE WORLD, NOT AS ZOMBIES OR VAMPIRES, BUT AS CREATURES OF SENSUOUS LIFE.**\\ | ||
| - | **__ABBAS ’10 __**/Asma, Professor and Division Head in Social Studies, Political Science, Philosophy at the Liebowitz Center for International Studies at Bard College at Simon’s Rock, Liberalism and Human Suffering: Materialist Reflections on Politics, Ethics, and Aesthetics, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pg. Pg. 183 - 187/ | + | **ABBAS ’10** (Asma, Professor and Division Head in Social Studies, Political Science, Philosophy at the Liebowitz Center for International Studies at Bard College at Simon’s Rock, Liberalism and Human Suffering: Materialist Reflections on Politics, Ethics, and Aesthetics, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pg. Pg. 183 - 187)\\ |
| In Martha Nussbaum’s celebration of cosmopolitanism, the . . . desire, hope, and life itself. | In Martha Nussbaum’s celebration of cosmopolitanism, the . . . desire, hope, and life itself. | ||
| - | ====WAKE ROUND 2 - LARUELLE K==== | + | ====Wake Rd 2 - Laruelle K==== |
| **BEGINNING AT SEXUAL DIFFERENCE REENTRENCHES PHILOSOPHICAL DIFFERENCE BY AFFIRMING A VIOLENT IMAGE OF THE SUBJECT. ANARCHO-FEMINISM READS SEXUALITY THROUGH THE PHILOSOPHY OF DECISION, BREAKING THE WORLD INTO THE BINARY OF REAL AND THOUGHT. **\\ | **BEGINNING AT SEXUAL DIFFERENCE REENTRENCHES PHILOSOPHICAL DIFFERENCE BY AFFIRMING A VIOLENT IMAGE OF THE SUBJECT. ANARCHO-FEMINISM READS SEXUALITY THROUGH THE PHILOSOPHY OF DECISION, BREAKING THE WORLD INTO THE BINARY OF REAL AND THOUGHT. **\\ | ||
| - | **__O’ROURKE ‘13__** (Michael, Lecturer in Gender and Sexuality @ Independent Colleges, Dublin, “Quantum Queer: Towards a Non-Standard Queer Theory” Identities: Journal for politics, gender, culture, Vol. 10.1-2, pp. 131-132) | + | **O’ROURKE ‘13** (Michael, Lecturer in Gender and Sexuality @ Independent Colleges, Dublin, “Quantum Queer: Towards a Non-Standard Queer Theory” Identities: Journal for politics, gender, culture, Vol. 10.1-2, pp. 131-132)\\ |
| Benjamin Norris in “Re-asking the . . . ‘sufficient’ in theories of sexuality.”65 | Benjamin Norris in “Re-asking the . . . ‘sufficient’ in theories of sexuality.”65 | ||
| **THIS IS A FRAMEWORK ARGUMENT, NOT AN ALTERNATIVE: WE CAN CLONE THEIR PROJECT – CREATE A COPY OF THEIR PHILOSOPHY, CONSIDER IT AS UNIVERSAL TRUTH, AND THEN DISSECT ITS DECISIONAL STRUCTURE. VOTE NEGATIVE TO THINK THE AFFIRMATIVE NON-PHILOSOPHICALLY**\\ | **THIS IS A FRAMEWORK ARGUMENT, NOT AN ALTERNATIVE: WE CAN CLONE THEIR PROJECT – CREATE A COPY OF THEIR PHILOSOPHY, CONSIDER IT AS UNIVERSAL TRUTH, AND THEN DISSECT ITS DECISIONAL STRUCTURE. VOTE NEGATIVE TO THINK THE AFFIRMATIVE NON-PHILOSOPHICALLY**\\ | ||
| - | **__MULLARKEY & SMITH ’12__** (John, Prof. of Film and Television Studies @ Kingston U., and Anthony Paul, Assist. Prof of Religion @ La Salle U., “Introduction: The Non-Philosophical Inversion: Laruelle's Knowledge Without Domination” Laruelle and Non-Philosophy, pp. 5-7) | + | **MULLARKEY & SMITH ’12** (John, Prof. of Film and Television Studies @ Kingston U., and Anthony Paul, Assist. Prof of Religion @ La Salle U., “Introduction: The Non-Philosophical Inversion: Laruelle's Knowledge Without Domination” Laruelle and Non-Philosophy, pp. 5-7)\\ |
| We described non-philosophy above as a . . . universal victor of a now defunct quarrel. | We described non-philosophy above as a . . . universal victor of a now defunct quarrel. | ||
| - | ====WAKE ROUND 2 - CASE==== | + | ====Wake Rd 2 - Case==== |
| **THEIR CLASSICALLY ANARCHIST SUSPICION OF THE STATE IS A POLITICS OF RESSENTIMENT THAT REJECTS A PRIORI THE PLACE OF POWER – THAT’S DOOMED TO REACCUMULATE THE VERY SAME MODES OF VIOLENCE THAT THEY CRITICIZE**\\ | **THEIR CLASSICALLY ANARCHIST SUSPICION OF THE STATE IS A POLITICS OF RESSENTIMENT THAT REJECTS A PRIORI THE PLACE OF POWER – THAT’S DOOMED TO REACCUMULATE THE VERY SAME MODES OF VIOLENCE THAT THEY CRITICIZE**\\ | ||
| - | **__NEWMAN 2K__** (Saul Newman, Professor of Political Theory at the University of London at Goldsmiths, 2000, “Anarchism and the Politics of Ressentiment,” Theory and Event, 4:3 | + | **__NEWMAN 2K__** (Saul Newman, Professor of Political Theory at the University of London at Goldsmiths, 2000, “Anarchism and the Politics of Ressentiment,” Theory and Event, 4:3)\\ |
| Ressentiment is diagnosed by Nietzsche … words, an anarchism without ressentiment. | Ressentiment is diagnosed by Nietzsche … words, an anarchism without ressentiment. | ||
| - | ==== WAKE ROUND 4 - VITALISM K==== | + | ==== Wake Rd 4 - Vitalism K==== |
| **THE SALE OF ORGANS TRANSFORMS DEAD BODIES INTO CORPSES, OBJECTS FOR EXCHANGE AND UTILITY IN THE SERVICE OF GLOBAL CAPITAL ACCUMULATION AND DISCIPLINE**\\ | **THE SALE OF ORGANS TRANSFORMS DEAD BODIES INTO CORPSES, OBJECTS FOR EXCHANGE AND UTILITY IN THE SERVICE OF GLOBAL CAPITAL ACCUMULATION AND DISCIPLINE**\\ | ||
| - | **__BOGARD ‘8__** (William Bogard is DeBurgh Professor in Social Sciences at Whitman College, “Empire of the living dead,” Mortality, Vol. 13, No. 2, May 2008) | + | **BOGARD ‘8** (William Bogard is DeBurgh Professor in Social Sciences at Whitman College, “Empire of the living dead,” Mortality, Vol. 13, No. 2, May 2008)\\ |
| There are no corpses in symbolic societies. . . . , and set an example to others. | There are no corpses in symbolic societies. . . . , and set an example to others. | ||
| **THIS INSTRUMENTAL ATTITUDE TO THE CORPSE SUSTAINS A LARGER BIOMEDICAL DREAM OF IMMORTALITY AND PERPETUAL YOUTH—THE DARK UNDERSIDE OF THIS DISCOURSE IS THE CONSTANT PRODUCTION OF NEW CORPSES THROUGH STATE VIOLENCE AND THE GENOCIDE OF UNWORTHY BODIES**\\ | **THIS INSTRUMENTAL ATTITUDE TO THE CORPSE SUSTAINS A LARGER BIOMEDICAL DREAM OF IMMORTALITY AND PERPETUAL YOUTH—THE DARK UNDERSIDE OF THIS DISCOURSE IS THE CONSTANT PRODUCTION OF NEW CORPSES THROUGH STATE VIOLENCE AND THE GENOCIDE OF UNWORTHY BODIES**\\ | ||
| - | **__BOGARD ‘8__** (William Bogard is DeBurgh Professor in Social Sciences at Whitman College, “Empire of the living dead,” Mortality, Vol. 13, No. 2, May 2008) | + | **BOGARD ‘8** (William Bogard is DeBurgh Professor in Social Sciences at Whitman College, “Empire of the living dead,” Mortality, Vol. 13, No. 2, May 2008)\\ |
| Of course, this is not really news. . . so decoded by information that it disappears. | Of course, this is not really news. . . so decoded by information that it disappears. | ||
| **THE REFUSAL TO ACCEPT INDIVIDUAL DEATH IS THE FOUNDATION OF THE WORST EXCESSES OF STATE VIOLENCE AND MASS MURDER—OUR ALTERNATIVE IS TO REFUSE THE DRIVE FOR MECHANICAL LIFE EXTENSION **\\ | **THE REFUSAL TO ACCEPT INDIVIDUAL DEATH IS THE FOUNDATION OF THE WORST EXCESSES OF STATE VIOLENCE AND MASS MURDER—OUR ALTERNATIVE IS TO REFUSE THE DRIVE FOR MECHANICAL LIFE EXTENSION **\\ | ||
| - | **__BERES ‘94__** (Louis Rene, Professor of International Law, Dept of Political Science at Purdue, Arizona Journal of Comparative and International Law, Spring) | + | **BERES ‘94** (Louis Rene, Professor of International Law, Dept of Political Science at Purdue, Arizona Journal of Comparative and International Law, Spring)\\ |
| Where do we turn? It is to . . . those moments and their inalienable values." 55 | Where do we turn? It is to . . . those moments and their inalienable values." 55 | ||
| - | ==== WAKE ROUND 4 - SENTIMENTALITY==== | + | ==== Wake Rd 4 - Sentimentality K==== |
| **THE AFF IS A SENTIMENTAL POLITICS WHICH PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. THE AFF IMAGINES THAT BRINGING THE SUFFERING DONOR’S BODY INTO THE DEBATE SPACE BECOMES A PROPHYLACTIC FROM OUR VIOLENCE TOWARD OTHERS. THIS RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, MADE TO DANCE FOR A INFINITELY DEFERRED FREEDOM, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. **\\ | **THE AFF IS A SENTIMENTAL POLITICS WHICH PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. THE AFF IMAGINES THAT BRINGING THE SUFFERING DONOR’S BODY INTO THE DEBATE SPACE BECOMES A PROPHYLACTIC FROM OUR VIOLENCE TOWARD OTHERS. THIS RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, MADE TO DANCE FOR A INFINITELY DEFERRED FREEDOM, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. **\\ | ||
| - | **__BERLANT ’98__** /Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “Poor Eliza,” American Literature, Vol. 70, No. 3, No More Separate Spheres! (Sep., 1998), Duke University Press, pg. 635-668/ | + | **BERLANT ’98** (Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “Poor Eliza,” American Literature, Vol. 70, No. 3, No More Separate Spheres! (Sep., 1998), Duke University Press, pg. 635-668)\\ |
| What distinguishes these critical texts are the startling . . . by the overpresence of the stereotypical image. | What distinguishes these critical texts are the startling . . . by the overpresence of the stereotypical image. | ||
| **WE MUST REFUSE THE POLITICS OF LIBERALISM AND THE ECONOMIZATION OF INJURY AND SUFFERING. NOTHING SHORT OF AN OUTRIGHT REJECTION OF THE ENTIRETY OF LIBERALISM WILL BE SUFFICIENT.**\\ | **WE MUST REFUSE THE POLITICS OF LIBERALISM AND THE ECONOMIZATION OF INJURY AND SUFFERING. NOTHING SHORT OF AN OUTRIGHT REJECTION OF THE ENTIRETY OF LIBERALISM WILL BE SUFFICIENT.**\\ | ||
| - | **__ABBAS ’10__** /Asma, Professor and Division Head in Social Studies, Political Science, Philosophy at the Liebowitz Center for International Studies at Bard College at Simon’s Rock, Liberalism and Human Suffering: Materialist Reflections on Politics, Ethics, and Aesthetics, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pg. Pg. 183 - 187/ | + | **ABBAS ’10** (Asma, Professor and Division Head in Social Studies, Political Science, Philosophy at the Liebowitz Center for International Studies at Bard College at Simon’s Rock, Liberalism and Human Suffering: Materialist Reflections on Politics, Ethics, and Aesthetics, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pg. Pg. 183 - 187)\\ |
| In Martha Nussbaum’s celebration of cosmopolitanism, the . . . desire, hope, and life itself. | In Martha Nussbaum’s celebration of cosmopolitanism, the . . . desire, hope, and life itself. | ||
| - | ====WAKE ROUND 4 - TYRANNY==== | + | ====Wake Rd 4 - Tyranny==== |
| **ORGAN SALES COMMODIFY ALL LIFE AND MAKE HUMAN BEINGS DISPOSABLE—LANGUAGE OF RATIONAL CHOICE AND BIOETHICS MAKES A GLOBAL SOCIAL ETHIC IMPOSSIBLE**\\ | **ORGAN SALES COMMODIFY ALL LIFE AND MAKE HUMAN BEINGS DISPOSABLE—LANGUAGE OF RATIONAL CHOICE AND BIOETHICS MAKES A GLOBAL SOCIAL ETHIC IMPOSSIBLE**\\ | ||
| - | **__SCHEPER-HUGHES ‘2__** (Nancy, prof of anthropology at UC Berkeley, “The Ends of the Body: Commodity Fetishism and the Global Traffic in Organs,” SAIS Review, Winter/Spring) | + | **SCHEPER-HUGHES ‘2** (Nancy, prof of anthropology at UC Berkeley, “The Ends of the Body: Commodity Fetishism and the Global Traffic in Organs,” SAIS Review, Winter/Spring)\\ |
| The problem with markets is that they reduce . . . protected by transplant medicine’s coyly averted gaze. | The problem with markets is that they reduce . . . protected by transplant medicine’s coyly averted gaze. | ||
| **THE LOGIC OF MARKET DISPOSABILITY IS THE UNDERPINNING OF MODERN WAR AND GENOCIDE**\\ | **THE LOGIC OF MARKET DISPOSABILITY IS THE UNDERPINNING OF MODERN WAR AND GENOCIDE**\\ | ||
| - | **__SANTOS ‘3__** (Boaventura de Sousa, Director of Center for Social Studies at the University of Coimbra, “Collective Suicide?,” Bad Subjects #63, April eserver.org/bs/63/santos.html) | + | **SANTOS ‘3** (Boaventura de Sousa, Director of Center for Social Studies at the University of Coimbra, “Collective Suicide?,” Bad Subjects #63, April eserver.org/bs/63/santos.html)\\ |
| According to Franz Hinkelammert, the West has . . . axis of evil: neoliberalism plus war. | According to Franz Hinkelammert, the West has . . . axis of evil: neoliberalism plus war. | ||
| Line 620: | Line 620: | ||
| Finally, creation of an organ market threatens . . . others and so dehumanizes both buyer and seller. | Finally, creation of an organ market threatens . . . others and so dehumanizes both buyer and seller. | ||
| - | ====WAKE ROUND 4 - SHORTAGES==== | + | |
| + | ====Wake Rd 4 - Shortages==== | ||
| **AUTONOMY JUSTIFICATIONS ARE A LIE AND DEVOLVE INTO THE CORRUPT AND RAMPANT EXPLOITATION OF THE POOR**\\ | **AUTONOMY JUSTIFICATIONS ARE A LIE AND DEVOLVE INTO THE CORRUPT AND RAMPANT EXPLOITATION OF THE POOR**\\ | ||
| - | **__SCHEPER-HUGHES 2002__** (Nancy, prof of anthropology at UC Berkeley, “The Ends of the Body: Commodity Fetishism and the Global Traffic in Organs,” SAIS Review, Winter/Spring) | + | **SCHEPER-HUGHES ‘2** (Nancy, prof of anthropology at UC Berkeley, “The Ends of the Body: Commodity Fetishism and the Global Traffic in Organs,” SAIS Review, Winter/Spring)\\ |
| Can the language of gifting, of life . . . : above all, do no harm. | Can the language of gifting, of life . . . : above all, do no harm. | ||
| - | ==== Wake Round 5 - COMMUNISM ABILITY K==== | + | ==== Wake Rd 5 - Communism Ability K==== |
| **CAPITALISM IS THE ROOT CAUSE OF BOTH THE MEDICAL GAZE AND THE DISCIPLINING OF WORKERS BASED ON THE QUESTION OF ABILITY**\\ | **CAPITALISM IS THE ROOT CAUSE OF BOTH THE MEDICAL GAZE AND THE DISCIPLINING OF WORKERS BASED ON THE QUESTION OF ABILITY**\\ | ||
| - | **__RUSSELL & MALHOTRA ‘2__** (Marta, “Impaired” Activist and Writer, and Ravi, Assoc. Prof of Law @ U. of Ottawa, member of the Human Rights Committee of the Council of Canadians with Disabilities and the Education Committee of the Canadian Centre for Disability Studies, “Capitalism and Disabilitiy” Socialist Register, Vol. 38, 213-215) | + | **RUSSELL & MALHOTRA ‘2** (Marta, “Impaired” Activist and Writer, and Ravi, Assoc. Prof of Law @ U. of Ottawa, member of the Human Rights Committee of the Council of Canadians with Disabilities and the Education Committee of the Canadian Centre for Disability Studies, “Capitalism and Disabilitiy” Socialist Register, Vol. 38, 213-215)\\ |
| Industrial capitalism thus created not only a class . . . with a significant disability do so.36 | Industrial capitalism thus created not only a class . . . with a significant disability do so.36 | ||
| **DECONSTRUCTING A STATIC IDENTITY FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AND INCORPORATING MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES WEAKENS THE POLITICAL EFFICACY OF DISABLED GROUPS—THE CRITIQUE OF CAPITALISM MUST PRECEDE THEIR IDENTITY CLAIMS BECAUSE PRIVILEGING THE BODY OVER MARKETS JUST MEANS THAT RESISTANCE GETS DISSOLVED**\\ | **DECONSTRUCTING A STATIC IDENTITY FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AND INCORPORATING MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES WEAKENS THE POLITICAL EFFICACY OF DISABLED GROUPS—THE CRITIQUE OF CAPITALISM MUST PRECEDE THEIR IDENTITY CLAIMS BECAUSE PRIVILEGING THE BODY OVER MARKETS JUST MEANS THAT RESISTANCE GETS DISSOLVED**\\ | ||
| - | **__VEHMAS & WATSON ‘13__** (Simo, dept. of disability studies, U of Helsinki; Nick, dept of disability studies, U of Glasgow, “Moral wrongs, disadvantages, and disability: a critique of critical disability studies,” Disability & Society) | + | **VEHMAS & WATSON ‘13** (Simo, dept. of disability studies, U of Helsinki; Nick, dept of disability studies, U of Glasgow, “Moral wrongs, disadvantages, and disability: a critique of critical disability studies,” Disability & Society)\\ |
| The influence of CDS and its challenge to . . . but impairment’ (Wolff 2009, 135). | The influence of CDS and its challenge to . . . but impairment’ (Wolff 2009, 135). | ||
| **DIFFERENTIATIONS EXIST BETWEEN THE ONTOLOGICAL WORLDS OF INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE. THESE DIFFERENTIATIONS ARE CENTRAL TO VIOLENCE AND EXTERMINATION AND NECESSITATE UNENDING WAR**\\ | **DIFFERENTIATIONS EXIST BETWEEN THE ONTOLOGICAL WORLDS OF INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE. THESE DIFFERENTIATIONS ARE CENTRAL TO VIOLENCE AND EXTERMINATION AND NECESSITATE UNENDING WAR**\\ | ||
| - | **__BALIBAR ‘1__** (Etienne, Emeritus Prof. of Philosophy @ U. of Paris X Nanterre and U. of Cal., Irvine, “Outlines of a Topography of Cruelty: Citizenship and Civility in the Era of Global Violence,” Constellations, Vol. 8.1) | + | **BALIBAR ‘1** (Etienne, Emeritus Prof. of Philosophy @ U. of Paris X Nanterre and U. of Cal., Irvine, “Outlines of a Topography of Cruelty: Citizenship and Civility in the Era of Global Violence,” Constellations, Vol. 8.1)\\ |
| This paper is based on a talk which . . . , seem to be mainly “economic.” | This paper is based on a talk which . . . , seem to be mainly “economic.” | ||
| **THE IMPACT IS EXTINCTION**\\ | **THE IMPACT IS EXTINCTION**\\ | ||
| - | **__ROBINSON ‘14__** (William I., Prof. of Sociology, Global and International Studies, and Latin American Studies, @ UC-Santa Barbara, “Global Capitalism: Crisis of Humanity and the Specter of 21st Century Fascism” The World Financial Review) | + | **ROBINSON ‘14** (William I., Prof. of Sociology, Global and International Studies, and Latin American Studies, @ UC-Santa Barbara, “Global Capitalism: Crisis of Humanity and the Specter of 21st Century Fascism” The World Financial Review)\\ |
| Cyclical, Structural, and Systemic Crises | Cyclical, Structural, and Systemic Crises | ||
| Most commentators on the contemporary crisis refer to . . . domination that is portrayed even as heroic. | Most commentators on the contemporary crisis refer to . . . domination that is portrayed even as heroic. | ||
| **THIS ROUND IS KEY – LET THE DISCUSSION BECOME A METAPHORIC CONDENSATION FOR COMMUNISM. **\\ | **THIS ROUND IS KEY – LET THE DISCUSSION BECOME A METAPHORIC CONDENSATION FOR COMMUNISM. **\\ | ||
| - | **__BADIOU ‘10__** (Alain, Prof. @ European Graduate School, Former chair of Philosophy @ École Normale Supérieure, The Idea of Communism, pgs. 11-13 bb) | + | **BADIOU ‘10** (Alain, Prof. @ European Graduate School, Former chair of Philosophy @ École Normale Supérieure, The Idea of Communism, pgs. 11-13 bb)\\ |
| We will now ask: why is it . . . . We can, so we must. | We will now ask: why is it . . . . We can, so we must. | ||
| **THE COMMUNIST HYPOTHESIS IS UNADULTERATED SUPPORT OF THE POSSIBILITY OF A CLASSLESS EXISTENCE. THE SURVIVAL OF THE HYPOTHESIS IS A PRECONDITION TO ACTION.**\\ | **THE COMMUNIST HYPOTHESIS IS UNADULTERATED SUPPORT OF THE POSSIBILITY OF A CLASSLESS EXISTENCE. THE SURVIVAL OF THE HYPOTHESIS IS A PRECONDITION TO ACTION.**\\ | ||
| - | **__BADIOU ‘9__** (Alain, Prof. @ European Graduate School, Former chair of Philosophy @ École Normale Supérieure, The Communist Hypothesis, pgs. 115-117 bb) | + | **BADIOU ‘9** (Alain, Prof. @ European Graduate School, Former chair of Philosophy @ École Normale Supérieure, The Communist Hypothesis, pgs. 115-117 bb)\\ |
| The task facing us, after the negative . . . both in consciousness and in concrete situations. | The task facing us, after the negative . . . both in consciousness and in concrete situations. | ||
| - | ==== Wake Round 5 - 1NC CASE ==== | + | ==== Wake Rd 5 - 1NC Case ==== |
| **THE AFF IS A SENTIMENTAL POLITICS WHICH PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. POLITICIZING THIS VIOLENCE RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, MADE TO DANCE FOR A INFINITELY DEFERRED FREEDOM, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. **\\ | **THE AFF IS A SENTIMENTAL POLITICS WHICH PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. POLITICIZING THIS VIOLENCE RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, MADE TO DANCE FOR A INFINITELY DEFERRED FREEDOM, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. **\\ | ||
| - | **__BERLANT ‘98__** /Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “Poor Eliza,” American Literature, Vol. 70, No. 3, No More Separate Spheres! (Sep., 1998), Duke University Press, pg. 635-668/ | + | **BERLANT ‘98** (Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “Poor Eliza,” American Literature, Vol. 70, No. 3, No More Separate Spheres! (Sep., 1998), Duke University Press, pg. 635-668)\\ |
| What distinguishes these critical texts are the startling . . . by the overpresence of the stereotypical image. | What distinguishes these critical texts are the startling . . . by the overpresence of the stereotypical image. | ||
| **THE AFFIRMATIVE IS THEORY FOR THEORY’S SAKE – THE PROCESS OF DISCOURSING SUFFERING GIVES WAY TO A BUREAUCRATIZATION OF THE OTHER’S SUFFERING WHICH FURTHER ENTRENCHES DOMINATION WHILE POSITIONING THE AFFIRMATIVE AS SAVIOR**\\ | **THE AFFIRMATIVE IS THEORY FOR THEORY’S SAKE – THE PROCESS OF DISCOURSING SUFFERING GIVES WAY TO A BUREAUCRATIZATION OF THE OTHER’S SUFFERING WHICH FURTHER ENTRENCHES DOMINATION WHILE POSITIONING THE AFFIRMATIVE AS SAVIOR**\\ | ||
| - | **__NAYAR ‘13__** /Jayan Nayar, PhD from the University of Cambridge, Department of Law at the University of Warwick, February 2013, “The Politics of Hope and the Other-in-The-World: Thinking Exteriority,” Law and Critique Volume 24 Issue 1, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2001975/ | + | **NAYAR ‘13** (Jayan Nayar, PhD from the University of Cambridge, Department of Law at the University of Warwick, February 2013, “The Politics of Hope and the Other-in-The-World: Thinking Exteriority,” Law and Critique Volume 24 Issue 1, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2001975/)\\ |
| People suffer.17 This is a simple . . . -usual (Robinson and Tormey 2009). | People suffer.17 This is a simple . . . -usual (Robinson and Tormey 2009). | ||
| **THE AFFS MOVE TO GENEALOGIZE PERFECTLY MIRRORS ON THE LEVEL OF COMMUNICATION THE OPERATIONS OF POWER IT SETS OUT TO UPSET. GENEALOGY IS PART OF THE CULTURE OF TRANSPARENCY AND PRODUCTION THAT IS NOTHING MORE THAN THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL SUPPLEMENT TO POWER AND CAPITAL.**\\ | **THE AFFS MOVE TO GENEALOGIZE PERFECTLY MIRRORS ON THE LEVEL OF COMMUNICATION THE OPERATIONS OF POWER IT SETS OUT TO UPSET. GENEALOGY IS PART OF THE CULTURE OF TRANSPARENCY AND PRODUCTION THAT IS NOTHING MORE THAN THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL SUPPLEMENT TO POWER AND CAPITAL.**\\ | ||
| - | **__THOMAS ’93__** /Calvin, “Baudrillard's Seduction of Foucault” Jean Baudrillard :the disappearance of art and politics /edited by William Stearns and William Chaloupka./ | + | **THOMAS ’93** (Calvin, “Baudrillard's Seduction of Foucault” Jean Baudrillard :the disappearance of art and politics /edited by William Stearns and William Chaloupka.)\\ |
| For Baudrillard, Foucault's mistake is to allow . . . power, but helps it jerk itself off. | For Baudrillard, Foucault's mistake is to allow . . . power, but helps it jerk itself off. | ||
| + | |||
| **THIS TRANSPARENCY IS THE METASTASIS OF THE SOCIAL THAT MAKES SINGULARITY IMPOSSIBLE AND VIOLENCE INEVITABLE**\\ | **THIS TRANSPARENCY IS THE METASTASIS OF THE SOCIAL THAT MAKES SINGULARITY IMPOSSIBLE AND VIOLENCE INEVITABLE**\\ | ||
| - | **__BAUDRILLARD 9__** (Jean, Dead frenchy currently teaching at the EGS, formerly Professor Emeritus at the Université de Paris X, Nanterre “The Vanishing Point of Communication” in Jean Baudrillard: Fatal Theories, Edited by David B. Clarke, Marcus A. Doel, William Merrin and Richard G. SmithThis text is based on a transcript of a lecture delivered in English by Jean Baudrillard to the Department of Social Sciences, Loughborough University, UK, New York:Routledge, pg. 15-23 | + | **BAUDRILLARD 9** (Jean, Dead frenchy currently teaching at the EGS, formerly Professor Emeritus at the Université de Paris X, Nanterre “The Vanishing Point of Communication” in Jean Baudrillard: Fatal Theories, Edited by David B. Clarke, Marcus A. Doel, William Merrin and Richard G. SmithThis text is based on a transcript of a lecture delivered in English by Jean Baudrillard to the Department of Social Sciences, Loughborough University, UK, New York:Routledge, pg. 15-23)\\ |
| Everything about communication seems to have been said. . . the interface, of contiguity and networks. | Everything about communication seems to have been said. . . the interface, of contiguity and networks. | ||
| - | ====WAKE ROUND 5 – BETCHER==== | + | ====Wake Rd 5 - Betcher ==== |
| **THE DRIVING FACTOR IN THE PRISON INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN AMERICA IS CAPITALISM – IT’S THE MOST EFFICIENT MODE OF DISCIPLINING THE POOR AND RACIALLY STRATIFYING THE WORKING CLASS. THE 1AC IMPACT AND ROOT CAUSE CLAIM RELIES ON A BANKRUPT READING OF THE PRESENT: DISABILITY IS THE ROOT CAUSE OF CAPITALISM BECAUSE CAPITALISM IS ABOUT HAVING WORKERS BUT DISABILITY EXPLAINS THE PRISONS BECAUSE THERE’S JUST A DESIRE TO DISABLE PEOPLE AMONG THOSE IN POWER. **\\ | **THE DRIVING FACTOR IN THE PRISON INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN AMERICA IS CAPITALISM – IT’S THE MOST EFFICIENT MODE OF DISCIPLINING THE POOR AND RACIALLY STRATIFYING THE WORKING CLASS. THE 1AC IMPACT AND ROOT CAUSE CLAIM RELIES ON A BANKRUPT READING OF THE PRESENT: DISABILITY IS THE ROOT CAUSE OF CAPITALISM BECAUSE CAPITALISM IS ABOUT HAVING WORKERS BUT DISABILITY EXPLAINS THE PRISONS BECAUSE THERE’S JUST A DESIRE TO DISABLE PEOPLE AMONG THOSE IN POWER. **\\ | ||
| - | **__PARENTI 2K__** (Christian, Activist, “Beyond the Prison Industrial Complex: Class warfare from above” CovertAction Quarterly) | + | **PARENTI 2K** (Christian, Activist, “Beyond the Prison Industrial Complex: Class warfare from above” CovertAction Quarterly)\\ |
| What drives incarceration and the massive build-. . . Deal War and the War on Poverty. | What drives incarceration and the massive build-. . . Deal War and the War on Poverty. | ||
| **NOW, I THINK THESE CARDS ARE STILL DRAMATIC OFFENSE AGAINST THE AFFIRMATIVE. THEIR TREATMENT OF DISABILITY IS PART OF A HEGEMONIC NORTHERN DISCOURSE THAT EXCLUDES THE PERSPECTIVES OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND THE GLOBAL SOUTH**\\ | **NOW, I THINK THESE CARDS ARE STILL DRAMATIC OFFENSE AGAINST THE AFFIRMATIVE. THEIR TREATMENT OF DISABILITY IS PART OF A HEGEMONIC NORTHERN DISCOURSE THAT EXCLUDES THE PERSPECTIVES OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND THE GLOBAL SOUTH**\\ | ||
| - | **__GOODLEY & LAWTHORN ‘13__** (Dan and Rebecca, Manchester Metropolitan University, “Hardt and Negri and the Geo-Political Imagination: Empire, Multitude and Critical Disability Studies,” Critical Sociology 39.3) | + | **GOODLEY & LAWTHORN ‘13** (Dan and Rebecca, Manchester Metropolitan University, “Hardt and Negri and the Geo-Political Imagination: Empire, Multitude and Critical Disability Studies,” Critical Sociology 39.3)\\ |
| Critical disability studies must respond to the inequities . . . more akin to imperialism than to empowerment. | Critical disability studies must respond to the inequities . . . more akin to imperialism than to empowerment. | ||
| **DISABILITY STUDIES ARE INFORMED BY NORTHERN PERSPECTIVES AND IGNORE THE STRUCTURAL PRODUCTION OF IMPAIRMENT—THEIR THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IS ULTIMATELY JUST COLONIALISM**\\ | **DISABILITY STUDIES ARE INFORMED BY NORTHERN PERSPECTIVES AND IGNORE THE STRUCTURAL PRODUCTION OF IMPAIRMENT—THEIR THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK IS ULTIMATELY JUST COLONIALISM**\\ | ||
| - | **__MEEKOSHA 2011__** (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally,” Disability & Society 26.6) | + | **MEEKOSHA 2011** (Helen, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University of New South Wales, “Decolonising disability: thinking and acting globally,” Disability & Society 26.6)\\ |
| This paper attempts to situate disability in a . . . of a southern theory | This paper attempts to situate disability in a . . . of a southern theory | ||
| of disability. | of disability. | ||
| - | ==== WAKE ROUND 5 – CRIP NATION==== | + | ==== Wake Rd 5 – Crip Nation ==== |
| - | + | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | Could not the Crip Nation--that is. . . symbol for the "transmission of rebel agency | + | |
| **COMMUNISM IS THE BASELINE OF HUMAN NATURE – IT IS THE GROUNDWORK UPON WHICH FORMS OF EXCHANGE OPERATE**\\ | **COMMUNISM IS THE BASELINE OF HUMAN NATURE – IT IS THE GROUNDWORK UPON WHICH FORMS OF EXCHANGE OPERATE**\\ | ||
| - | **__GRAEBER ‘11__** (David, Reader in Social Anthropology @ Goldsmiths, U. of London, Debt: The First 5000 Years, pp. 95-102) | + | **GRAEBER ‘11** (David, Reader in Social Anthropology @ Goldsmiths, U. of London, Debt: The First 5000 Years, pp. 95-102)\\ |
| Almost everyone follows this principle if they are . . . . "It's more visits from kings." | Almost everyone follows this principle if they are . . . . "It's more visits from kings." | ||
| - | ==== WAKE ROUND 5 – ALTERNATIVE/FRAMEWORK ==== | + | ==== Wake Rd 5 - Alt/Framework ==== |
| **COMMUNISM IS UNIQUELY KEY TO ABOLISH THE VIOLENCE OF DISABILITY**\\ | **COMMUNISM IS UNIQUELY KEY TO ABOLISH THE VIOLENCE OF DISABILITY**\\ | ||
| - | **__REDED ‘11__** (May 22 2011 Communism: The real movement to abolish disability, https://libcom.org/library/communism-real-movement-abolish-disability) | + | **REDED ‘11** (May 22 2011 Communism: The real movement to abolish disability, https://libcom.org/library/communism-real-movement-abolish-disability)\\ |
| The following article is a tentative attempt to . . . condition for the free development of all. | The following article is a tentative attempt to . . . condition for the free development of all. | ||
| + | =====Fullerton===== | ||
| + | ==== Fullerton Rd 2 ==== | ||
| + | THE SALE OF ORGANS TRANSFORMS DEAD BODIES INTO CORPSES, OBJECTS FOR EXCHANGE AND UTILITY IN THE SERVICE OF GLOBAL CAPITAL ACCUMULATION AND DISCIPLINE | ||
| + | Bogard ‘8 (William Bogard is DeBurgh Professor in Social Sciences at Whitman College, “Empire of the living dead,” Mortality, Vol. 13, No. 2, May 2008) | ||
| + | There are no corpses in … set an example to others. | ||
| + | THIS INSTRUMENTAL ATTITUDE TO THE CORPSE SUSTAINS A LARGER BIOMEDICAL DREAM OF IMMORTALITY AND PERPETUAL YOUTH—THE DARK UNDERSIDE OF THIS DISCOURSE IS THE CONSTANT PRODUCTION OF NEW CORPSES THROUGH STATE VIOLENCE AND THE GENOCIDE OF UNWORTHY BODIES | ||
| + | Bogard ‘8 (William Bogard is DeBurgh Professor in Social Sciences at Whitman College, “Empire of the living dead,” Mortality, Vol. 13, No. 2, May 2008) | ||
| + | Of course, this is not … by information that it disappears. | ||
| + | THE REFUSAL TO ACCEPT INDIVIDUAL DEATH IS THE FOUNDATION OF THE WORST EXCESSES OF STATE VIOLENCE AND MASS MURDER—OUR ALTERNATIVE IS TO REFUSE THE DRIVE FOR MECHANICAL LIFE EXTENSION | ||
| + | Beres ‘94 (Louis Rene, Professor of International Law, Dept of Political Science at Purdue, Arizona Journal of Comparative and International Law, Spring) | ||
| + | Where do we turn? It … moments and their inalienable values." 55 | ||
| + | ETHICAL RELATION TO ORGANS IMPOSSIBLE WITHOUT DECODING THE MURMUR OF THE TREES FROM IMPERIAL LANGUAGE AND GIVING ANUS-ORGANS BACK TO THE CHILDREN WHO MISS THEM DEARLY. TURNS THE AFF | ||
| + | Lingis ‘94 (Alphonso, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy @ Penn State U., “The Society of Dismembered Body Parts” Gilles Deleuze and the Theater of Philosophy, pp. 298-302) | ||
| + | Now the voice no longer … length come to an end. | ||
| + | SITUATING THE PLAN WITHIN THE CIPHER OF SPECIFICALLY HUMAN ORGANS FOLDS THE ADVOCACY WITHIN CARNOPHALLOGOCENTRIC ETHICS WHICH IS INDEPENDENTLY VIOLENT. WE NEED TO EAT BETTER. | ||
| + | Derrida ‘91 (Jacques, “’Eating Well,’ or the Calculation of the Subject: An Interview with Jacques Derrida”) | ||
| + | JD: The Heideggerian discourse on the … to the deconstruction of phallogocentrism). | ||
| + | THE AFF’S SENTIMENTAL POLITICS PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. THIS RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, MADE TO DANCE FOR A INFINITELY DEFERRED FREEDOM, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. | ||
| + | Berlant ‘98 /Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “Poor Eliza,” American Literature, Vol. 70, No. 3, No More Separate Spheres! (Sep., 1998), Duke University Press, pg. 635-668/ | ||
| + | What distinguishes these critical texts … overpresence of the stereotypical image. | ||
| + | ORGAN SALES COMMODIFY ALL LIFE AND MAKE HUMAN BEINGS DISPOSABLE—LANGUAGE OF RATIONAL CHOICE AND BIOETHICS MAKES A GLOBAL SOCIAL ETHIC IMPOSSIBLE | ||
| + | Scheper-Hughes ‘2 (Nancy, prof of anthropology at UC Berkeley, “The Ends of the Body: Commodity Fetishism and the Global Traffic in Organs,” SAIS Review, Winter/Spring) | ||
| + | The problem with markets is … transplant medicine’s coyly averted gaze. | ||
| + | THE PLAN CAUSES NEGLECT OF THE DYING, INJUSTICE TO THE POOR, OUTRIGHT MURDER, AND LOWERS THE VALUE OF HUMAN LIFE IN ALL ASPECTS OF SOCIETY | ||
| + | Dougherty ‘87 (Charles J., prof and chairman, Dept of Philosophy, Creighton Univ, “Body Futures: The Case Against Marketing Human Organs,” Health Progress, June 1987, 51-55) | ||
| + | More important, however, than rebutting … and coarsening of human relationships. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ORGAN SALES DESTROY THE MORAL BASIS OF HUMAN WORTH | ||
| + | Dougherty ‘87 (Charles J., prof and chairman, Dept of Philosophy, Creighton Univ, “Body Futures: The Case Against Marketing Human Organs,” Health Progress, June 1987, 51-55) | ||
| + | Finally, creation of an organ … dehumanizes both buyer and seller. | ||
| + | BETTER ORGANIZATION AND INTEGRATION WILL COMPLETELY ELIMINATE THE ORGAN SHORTAGE NOW | ||
| + | SCHWARZ 2014 (Ariel, senior editor at Co.Exist, “Can this new startup end the organ shortage forever?” Fast Company, Jan 30, http://www.fastcoexist.com/3025482/can-this-new-startup-end-the-organ-donor-shortage-forever) | ||
| + | Last year, Segal, a former … a ton of lives quickly." | ||
| + | SYNTHETIC ORGAN RESEARCH WILL GROW RAPIDLY NOW | ||
| + | GRANDVIEW RESEARCH 6-21-2014 (“Global Artificial Organ & Bionics Market (Artificial Heart, Liver, Kidney, Pancreas, Bionic Limbs, Hear Valves, Cardiac, Vision) - Industry Analysis, Size to 2020,” PR.com, lexis) | ||
| + | The global market for artificial … 11.0% from 2014 to 2020. | ||
| + | TURNS THE CASE—NO TRANSPLANTATION SCHEME CAN EVER MEET DEMAND IN THE LONG TERM—ONLY SYNTHETIC ALTERNATIVES | ||
| + | ARONSON ‘13 (Bob, founder of Bob’s New Heart and Facebook’s Organ Transplant Initiative, Artificial and Bioengineered Organs Can End the Shortage, Feb 10, https://bobsnewheart.wordpress.com/category/ending-the-organ-shortage-solutions/) | ||
| + | Organ printing, or the process … other technologies like 3D printing. | ||
| + | ORGAN DEMAND IS KEY TO BIOPRINTING RESEARCH AND COMMERCIALIZATION—IT WILL BE ONLINE IN THE STATUS QUO WITHIN TEN YEARS | ||
| + | PR NEWSWIRE 3-17-2014 (3D Bioprinting Market, 2014-2030, lexis) | ||
| + | Specifically, 3D bioprinting is gradually … additional boost in subsequent years. | ||
| + | THE PLAN CROWDS OUT CHARITABLE DONATIONS, LOWERS TRANSPLANT QUALITY, AND CREATES A WORLDWIDE BLACK MARKET | ||
| + | CAPRON AND DANOVITCH ‘14 (Alexander M. Capron is a professor at the Gould School of Law and the Keck School of Medicine at USC and co-director of the Pacific Center for Health Policy and Ethics. Dr. Gabriel Danovitch is a professor at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and the medical director of the Ronald Reagan Medical Center kidney and pancreas transplant program, “Kidneys are no Commodities,” The New Nation, July 9, lexis) | ||
| + | The meticulous screening process for … negative repercussions the world over. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ORGAN SALES NET DECREASE SUPPLY—EXTRINSIC INCENTIVES TRADE OFF WITH INTRINSIC ONES | ||
| + | ROTHMAN AND ROTHMAN 2006 (S.M. AND D.J., THE HIDDEN COST OF ORGAN SALE, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION; 13 FEBRUARY 2006) | ||
| + | Advocates think it self-evident that … between extrinsic and intrinsic reward. | ||
| + | |||
| + | A MARKET ISN’T FEASIBLE—SURVEY DATA PUTS THE EQUILIBRIUM PRICE FOR KIDNEYS IN THE BILLIONS OF DOLLARS EACH | ||
| + | WELLINGTON AND WHITMIRE 2007 (ALLISON, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF ECONOMICS, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, THE COLLEGE OF WOOSTER; JUSTIN, BA, THE COLLEGE OF WOOSTER, “KIDNEY TRANSPLANTS AND THE SHORTAGE OF DONORS: IS A MARKET THE ANSWER?” CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC POLICY, JANUARY) | ||
| + | Rows 5 and 6 of Table 6 show … could make an important difference. | ||
| + | |||
| + | REGULATIONS WILL FAIL—THE PLAN WILL EVENTUALLY RESULT IN A DEREGULATED MARKET | ||
| + | ROTHMAN AND ROTHMAN 2006 (S.M. AND D.J., THE HIDDEN COST OF ORGAN SALE, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION; 13 FEBRUARY 2006) | ||
| + | Proponents offer very different models … that makes kidneys a commodity? | ||
| + | |||
| + | AUTONOMY JUSTIFICATIONS ARE A LIE AND DEVOLVE INTO THE CORRUPT AND RAMPANT EXPLOITATION OF THE POOR | ||
| + | SCHEPER-HUGHES 2002 (Nancy, prof of anthropology at UC Berkeley, “The Ends of the Body: Commodity Fetishism and the Global Traffic in Organs,” SAIS Review, Winter/Spring) | ||
| + | Can the language of gifting, … above all, do no harm. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ORGAN PURCHASES RESULT IN LOWER QUALITY ORGANS AND KILL RECIPIENTS | ||
| + | DELMONICO AND SCHEPER-HUGHES ‘3 (Francis, Director of Renal Transplantation Unit at Massachusetts General; Nancy, prof of anthropology at UC Berkeley, “Why we should not pay for human organs,” Zygon 38:3) | ||
| + | Transplant patients relying on paid … of securing a monetary payment. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE PLAN CREATES A GLOBAL BLACK MARKET—IT’S MODELED AS AN UNREGULATED MARKET ABROAD AND ENCOURAGES TRAFFICKING INTO THE U.S. | ||
| + | DANOVITCH AND LEICHTMAN ‘6 (Gabriel, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Division of Nephrology; Alan, University of Michigan Division of Nephrology; “Kidney Vending: The “Trojan Horse” of Organ Transplantation,” Clinical Journal of the American Society for Nephrology, October) | ||
| + | We are confident that Matas … and criminal exploitation of donors (12,13). | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Fullerton Rd 4 ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE AFF’S FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING RACIAL HIERARCHALIZATION IS INCORRECT. RACISM, SLAVERY, AND IMPERIALISM EMANATE FROM, AND ARE GOVERNED BY, A TOPOS OF HARMONY. WHITENESS GAINS POWER AND JUSTIFIES ITS VIOLENCE THROUGH THIS IDEALIZATION OF HARMONY. HARMONY IS OPERATIONALIZED THROUGH THE RACIALIZED MACHINE OF FACIALITY—A LOGIC OF NON-BINARISTIC SAME THAT ESTABLISHES AN IDEAL – THE WHITE MAN – AND DOLES OUT THE MARK OF DEVIANCE TO ALL THOSE WHO DOES NOT FIT THE IDEAL. A PROPER UNDERSTANDING OF HOW RACISM OPERATES IS A PREREQUISITE TO RESISTANCE; THE AFF HAS FAILED TO PROPERLY UNDERSTAND THE METHOD AND MADNESS OF RACISM. | ||
| + | Hight ‘3 /Christopher, Teacher, Critic, Theorist, Rice University School of Architecture “Stereo Types: The Operation of Sound in the Production of Racial Identity” LEONARDO, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 13–17, 2003/ | ||
| + | Acamera pulls back slowly from …assemblages of sound and vision. | ||
| + | RACISM DOES NOT OPERATE THROUGH EXCLUSION, LACK OF RECOGNITION OR BANISHING BLACKNESS FROM HUMANITY. THE AFF’S DIALECTICAL UNDERSTANDING OF RACISM THROUGH THE RACIAL BINARIES BETWEEN BLACK/WHITE AND RED/WHITE FAILS TO ATTEND TO THE COMPLICATED PROCESS OF DIFFERENTIATION CREATING THE MATERIAL CONDITIONS FOR, AND SCRIPTING THE RELATIONALITY OF, THE RACIAL MACHINE. FACIALITY ENABLES THE POWER RELATIONS THAT FOUNDED RACIAL IMPERIALISM BY CONFERRING IDENTITY ACCORDING TO DEVIANCE FROM THE WHITE NORM. ANTI-BLACKNESS AND COLONIALISM THE RESULT OF THE HUMANIST PROJECT OF NORMALIZATION THROUGH FACIALITY. RACISM IS NOT PRODUCED THROUGH A SIMPLE STATIC DYAD; RATHER, IT OPERATES VIA A LOGIC OF THE SAME THAT TERRITORIALIZES DIFFERENCE AND CANNOT BE OVERTURNED OR UNDERSTOOD THROUGH THE AFF’S HEGELIAN THEORIZATIONS. | ||
| + | Saldanha ‘7 /Arun, Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Environment, and Society, University of Minnesota and Senior Lecturer of Social Sustainability at Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Psychedelic White: Goa Trance and the Viscosity of Race, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pg.194-196/ | ||
| + | My disagreement is not with … Hegelian sublation into the universal. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE ONTOLOGICAL DIVISION BETWEEN BLACK AND WHITE PROFFERED BY THE AFF IS AN ARBORESCENT CONCEPTUALIZATION OF IDENTITY. THE SUPPOSEDLY REVOLUTIONARY MOVE OF THE AFF REMAINS LOCKED IN THE CONCEPTUAL BINARY ASSEMBLAGE OF THE STATE. THEIR USE OF THE BLACK-WHITE BINARY IS A DENIAL OF DIFFERENCE AND BECOMING THAT CLOAKS AND, BY MAPPING IDETIITY THROUGH STATIST LOGIC, ENSURES THE REPRODUCTION OF CIVIL SOCIETY. ONLY THE ALTERNATIVES RHIZOMATIC ONTOLOGY OF DIFFERENCE CAN BREAK DOWN THE STATIST ASSEMBLAGE UPHOLDING CIVIL SOCIETY. | ||
| + | Newman ‘9 /Saul, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths College, University of London. He received his B.A. from the University of Sydney, and his Ph.D in political science from the University of New South Wales, “War on the State: Stirner and Deleuze’s Anarchism” http://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/saul-newman-war-on-the-state-stirner-and-deleuze-s-anarchism/ | ||
| + | For Stirner discourses such as … the anarchist critique of authority. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE AFF’S THEORY OF ONTOLOGY IS BEHOLDEN TO A HUMANIST BINARY DIVISION OF WHITE AND BLACK CONDEMNING THEIR RESISTANCE TO REPRODUCE COLONIAL DOMINATION, VICTIMIZATION AND EXCLUSION. THE ALTERNATIVES RHIZOMATIC BECOMING MINORITARIAN CAN BREAK OPEN THE CONCEPT OF THE HUMAN AND ALLOW FOR A SUCCESSFUL FORM OF ANTI-COLONIAL RESISTANCE THAT AFFIRMS DIFFERENCE SANS HUMANIST NEGATIVITY AND RACISM. | ||
| + | Larue ‘11 /Robert, M.A. in English from UT-Arlington, “MOVING BEYOND THIS MOMENT: EMPLOYING DELEUZE AND GUATARRI‟S RHIZOME IN POSTCOLONIALISM,” August, Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Arlington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts in English, https://dspace.uta.edu/handle/10106/6148/ | ||
| + | By trying to uncover a … institutes them as European-style individuals. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE AFF’S RACIAL ONTOLOGY REMAINS BEHOLDEN TO A VISION OF BEING THAT IS LIFE NEGATING AS IT NECESSARILY PRODUCES A POLITICS TEEMING WITH GUILT, DRENCHED IN RESSENTIMENT AND INCAPABLE OF ANYTHING MORE THAN A WILL TO NOTHINGNESS. | ||
| + | Panaioti ‘13 /Antoine, Visiting Assistant Professor of Philosophy @ Union College, B.A., McGill University (First Class Honours); M.Phil., University of Cambridge (Distinction); Ph.D., University of Cambridge, Nietzsche and Buddhist Philosophy Cambridge University Press: London, pg. 19-24/ | ||
| + | The nihilist mentality is what … a cowardly will to nothingness. | ||
| + | |||
| + | AGAINST THE AFF’S THEORY OF ANTI-BLACKNESS GROUNDED IN A DIALECTICS OF RACIAL OPPOSITION, WE MUST CUT INTO THE TRADITION OF RACIAL THINKING WITH A DELEUZIAN UNDERSTANDING OF AFFIRMATIVE ONTOLOGY AND RACIAL MACHINIC ASSEMBLAGE. RACE IS MACHINIC; IDENTITY IS DEFINED BY PURE AND UNENDING DIFFERENCE, INFINITE VIRTUAL POTENTIALITY LIES IN EACH AND EVERY MOVEMENT AND IDENTITY. RACE IS NOT CONFINED TO A STATIC DIVISION OF BLACK AND WHITE; IDENTITY EMERGES THROUGH A MULTIPLICITY, BECOMING, AN ACTIVE FOLDING DEPENDENT UPON PHENOTYPE, GEOGRAPHY, HISTORY AND SO MUCH MORE. RACE IS CONSTANT DIFFERENTIATION EMERGING IMMANENTLY, WITHOUT AN ESSENCE, NOT BOUND TO A DIALECTIC, BUT TENDENTIAL AND COALESCING IN VISCOUS MOVEMENTS TIED TO AFFECTIVE ENCOUNTER AND PRODUCTION. RACIAL DIFFERENCE HAS BECOME OPPRESSIVE IN ITS CURRENT MACHINIC INSTANTIATION, BUT THIS IS NOT ETERNAL. A DELEUZIAN PARADIGM REVEALS THE AFFIRMATIVE POTENTIAL OF RACIAL DIFFERENCE TO UNSHACKLE ITSELF FROM ALL VARIATIONS OF FASCISM AND VIOLENCE, BUT ONLY IF WE GIVE UP THE PRISON OF DIALECTICAL DETERMINATION AND ONTOLOGICAL ESSENCE THE AFF IS BETROTHED TO. | ||
| + | Saldanha ‘7 /Arun, Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Environment, and Society, University of Minnesota and Senior Lecturer of Social Sustainability at Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Psychedelic White: Goa Trance and the Viscosity of Race, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pg.188-192/ | ||
| + | “Racial formation” has become a … it can undo itself too. | ||
| + | |||
| + | WE MUST BEGIN OUR ANALYSIS OF RACE FROM THE POSITION OF DIFFERENCE AND BECOMING. BY PROLIFERATING RACIAL DIFFERENCE WE CAN FREAK WHITENESS, DESTABILIZING THE STATIC NOTION OF IDENTITY EMBEDDED IN THE AFF AND ESSENTIAL TO RACIAL IMPERIALISM. WE MUST NOT BEGIN WITH NEGATION, ONLY BY AFFIRMING RACIAL DIFFERENCE AND RACE’S VIRTUALITY CAN WE RECLAIM DIFFERENCE AS JOYFULLY CACOPHONIC AND EMBRACE THE ETHICAL LINES OF FLIGHT UNCOVERED IN THE PROCESS OF BECOMING MINORITARIAN. ONLY THE NEG’S AFFECTIVE UNDERSTANDING OF RACIAL DIFFERENCES PROLIFERATION AND POTENTIALITY CAN TURN RACE AGAINST ITSELF AND BEGIN TO TEAR DOWN THE STATIC IDENTITY FORMATIONS CRUCIAL TO WHITENESS’ IMPERIAL MACHINE. | ||
| + | Saldanha ‘7 /Arun, Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Environment, and Society, University of Minnesota and Senior Lecturer of Social Sustainability at Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Psychedelic White: Goa Trance and the Viscosity of Race, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pg.197-201/ | ||
| + | “In no real sense did … whiteness they want to attack. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THINKING BLACKNESS THROUGH ONTOLOGY AND STRUCTURAL ANTAGONISM TRAPS BLACKNESS THE PRISON OF HISTORY, THEREBY NEGATING THE POTENTIAL OF BECOMING TO ESCAPE THE EXCLUSIONARY AND VIOLENT MACHINATIONS OF HISTORY. BEGINNING WITH STRUCTURAL ANTAGONISM AND ONTOLOGY CONSTRAINS THE SUBJECT IN A CALCULABLE GRID; AGAINST THIS PREDETERMINED STRUCTURALISM WE MUST ASSERT A STRATEGY OF BECOMING MINORITARIAN. ONLY BEGINNING WITH SOCIETY AS MACHINE AND IDENTITY AS BECOMING CAN FOLLOW LINES OF FLIGHT OUT OF THE RACIST REGIME OF FACIALITY. WE MUST MAP OUR WAY OUT OF DIALECTICAL ONTOLOGY THROUGH AN AFFIRMATION OF AFFECTIVE POTENTIAL, INTENSITY AND MOVEMENT. THE ALTERNATIVE NECESSITATES ABANDONING ALL STRUCTURING THEORETICAL CONCEPTS OF THE AFF FOR A BECOMING MINORITARIAN. | ||
| + | Koerner ‘12 /Michelle, Professor of Comparative Literature @ UC-Berkeley, “Line of Escape: Gilles Deleuze’s Encounter with George Jackson” Genre, Vol. 44, No. 2 Summer 2011 DOI 10.1215/00166928-1260183/ | ||
| + | In “The Case of Blackness” Moten … map the ways out of it. | ||
| + | AT THE LEVEL OF AFFECTIVE INVESTMENT, THEIR ARGUMENT PRODUCES EXACTLY THE OPPOSITE RESULT OF WHAT THEY INTEND: IT MAKES THE CLOSURE OF COLONIALISM ABSOLUTE AND IGNORES THE CONTINGENCY OF THE CONTENT OF RACIALIZED CLAIMS BY PROMOTING OUR ENJOYMENT OF AND IDENTIFICATION WITH A RACIALIZED BINARY. UNTIL WE CONFRONT THIS SYMBOLIC STRUCTURING, WE CANNOT PRODUCE A MEANINGFUL RUPTURE IN THE ORDER OF RACIAL VIOLENCE | ||
| + | Hudson (Political Studies Department, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg) 13 | ||
| + | (Peter, Social Dynamics (2013): The state and the colonial unconscious, Social Dynamics: A journal of African studies, DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2013.802867) | ||
| + | This is a slightly more … a condition of its possibility.8¶ | ||
| + | THEY DEHISTORICIZE AND GENERALIZES THE LIVED PHENOMENON SOCIAL DEATH TO THE POINT OF MEANINGLESSNESS | ||
| + | Miller ‘12 (Joseph, T. Cary Johnson, Jr. Professor of History @ U. of Virginia, [According to Brad’s professor, the world’s foremost historian on global slaving], The Problem of Slavery as History, pp. 20-23) | ||
| + | Orlando Patterson’s definitive synthesis of … exception to the general model.45 | ||
| + | |||
| + | COMPLETES THE HEGEMONIC CLOSURE OF THE MASTER – THERE WAS ONLY SOCIAL DEATH IN THE MINDS OF SLAVE OWNERS | ||
| + | Miller ‘12 (Joseph, T. Cary Johnson, Jr. Professor of History @ U. of Virginia, [According to Brad’s professor, the world’s foremost historian on global slaving], The Problem of Slavery as History, pp. 32-33) | ||
| + | This definition is therefore from … ideological assertion than historical behavior. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Fullerton Rd 6 ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | FRAMING THE DEBATE AROUND THE SCRIPTING OF IDENTITY CATEGORIES AND THE MULTIPLICITY OF IDENTITY DIRECTLY TRADESOFF WITH A PRIORITIZATION OF CLASS—VOTE NEGATIVE TO MOVE PAST THE POLITICS OF RACIAL DIFFERENCE INTO A RADICAL CRITIQUE OF THE MATERIAL CONDITIONS OF RACIAL OPPRESSION | ||
| + | McLaren and D’Anniballe ‘4 (Peter, Professor at the Graduate School of Education at UCLA, and Valerie “Class Dismissed? Historical materialism and the politics of ‘difference’”, Philosophy of Education Society of Australasia) | ||
| + | A radical political economy framework … the fundamental agent of change. | ||
| + | SOCIAL LOCATION AND PERSONAL EXPERIENCE EXIST BUT DO NOT CREATE IRRECONCILABLE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS: UNDERSTANDING THE HISTORICAL AND OBJECTIVE FORMATIONS OF CAPITAL ARE CRITICAL TO CREATING LINKAGES ACROSS DIFFERENCE | ||
| + | McLaren and D’Anniballe ‘4 (Peter, Professor at the Graduate School of Education at UCLA, and Valerie “Class Dismissed? Historical materialism and the politics of ‘difference’”, Philosophy of Education Society of Australasia) | ||
| + | This framework must be further … requires a broad class-based approach. | ||
| + | THE MODEL OF SUBJECTIVITY AS POSITIVE MULTIPLICITY FAILS TO SEE THAT CAPITALISM IS ALREADY DETERRITORIALIZED TO THE FULLEST AND IT IS STILL REPRODUCING THE HARMS OF THE SYSTEM. | ||
| + | Žižek, Institute for Social Sciences at the University of Ljubljana, ‘4 [Slavoj, Appendix I: canis a non canendo, iraq the borrowed kettle pg.72-4] | ||
| + | Todays anti-globalization movement seems … is — or, rather, was — about) | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE IMPACT IS EXTINCTION | ||
| + | Robinson ‘14 (William I., Prof. of Sociology, Global and International Studies, and Latin American Studies, @ UC-Santa Barbara, “Global Capitalism: Crisis of Humanity and the Specter of 21st Century Fascism” The World Financial Review) | ||
| + | Cyclical, Structural, and Systemic Crises | ||
| + | Most commentators on the contemporary … is portrayed even as heroic. | ||
| + | THIS ROUND IS KEY – LET THE DISCUSSION BECOME A METAPHORIC CONDENSATION FOR COMMUNISM. VOTING NEGATIVE MEANS THE BATTLE IS ALREADY WON. | ||
| + | Badiou ‘10 (Alain, Prof. @ European Graduate School, Former chair of Philosophy @ École Normale Supérieure, The Idea of Communism, pgs. 11-13 bb) | ||
| + | We will now ask: why … We can, so we must. | ||
| + | THE AFF’S SENTIMENTAL POLITICS PROMISES THAT EMPATHETIC IDENTIFICATION WILL RESHAPE THE WORLD AND ACTUALIZE AN ETHICS OF CARE. THIS RELIES ON A RACIST VICTIM ECONOMY IN WHICH BODIES ARE VAMPIRICALLY DRAINED OF LIFE, ALL WHILE ACADEMICS EXTRACT JOUISSANCE AND ADVANCEMENT FROM THEIR OBJECTIFIED IDENTITIES. | ||
| + | Berlant ‘98 /Lauren, George M. Pullman Professor, Department of English, University of Chicago, “Poor Eliza,” American Literature, Vol. 70, No. 3, No More Separate Spheres! (Sep., 1998), Duke University Press, pg. 635-668/ | ||
| + | What distinguishes these critical texts … overpresence of the stereotypical image. | ||
| + | THEIR ANALYTICAL PRIVILEGING OF THE PROCESSES OF SCRIPTING AND EXPECTATION CONSTITUTES THE CLOSURE OF POLITICS AND THE REDUCTION OF IDENTITY TO RESSENTIMENT. | ||
| + | Enns ‘12 (Diane, Prof. of Philosophy @ McMaster U., The Violence of Victimhood, pp. 28-30) | ||
| + | We need to think carefully … exploration of this third outcome. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE AFF ASSUMES THE ROLE OF THE ASCETIC WHO SUFFERS IN THEIR ROLE AS THE SAVIOR OF THE HERD. IN THEIR ATTEMPT TO MASTER AND BANISH SUFFERING, RESSENTIMENT IS TURNED INWARD AS FEELINGS OF GUILT FLOURISH. THE DRIVE TO RESOLVE THE SUFFERING OF THE WORLD IS ROOTED IN A WILL TO SELF-PROTECTION. LIBERALISM’S MANAGEMENT OF SUFFERING IS A LIFE DENYING WILL TO NOTHINGNESS WHICH ATTEMPTS TO STERILIZE EXISTENCE AND FREEZE THE MOVEMENT/BECOMING WHICH IS CONSTITUTIVE OF LIFE’S MEANING. | ||
| + | Abbas ‘10 /Asma, Professor and Division Head in Social Studies, Political Science, Philosophy at the Liebowitz Center for International Studies at Bard College at Simon’s Rock, Liberalism and Human Suffering: Materialist Reflections on Politics, Ethics, and Aesthetics, London: Palgrave Macmillan, pg. Pg. 68-71/ | ||
| + | We are told that the … unwilling, wanted, and unwanted subjects? | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Fullerton Octos ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | LEGALIZATION OF MARIJUANA IS THE CHOCOLATE LAXATIVE—IT IS A LIBERAL VISION OF POLITICS THAT RESISTS THE HARD KERNEL OF THE REAL BY CREATING PLEASURES THAT CONTAIN THEIR OWN PRINCIPLE OF CONSTRAINT. THE IMPACT IS A JUSTICATION OF CAPITALISM, BIOPOLITICS AND COMPLICITY WITH THE WAR MACHINE | ||
| + | Zizek ‘3 (Slavoj, http://www.egs.edu/faculty/slavoj-zizek/articles/homo-sacer-as-the-object-of-the-university-discourse/) | ||
| + | On today's market, we find … unfreedom on which it relies. | ||
| + | |||
| + | EXTINCTION | ||
| + | Robinson ‘14 (William I., Prof. of Sociology, Global and International Studies, and Latin American Studies, @ UC-Santa Barbara, “Global Capitalism: Crisis of Humanity and the Specter of 21st Century Fascism” The World Financial Review) | ||
| + | Cyclical, Structural, and Systemic Crises | ||
| + | Most commentators on the contemporary … is portrayed even as heroic. | ||
| + | |||
| + | JUST SAY NO TO PROBLEMATIZE THE FUNCTION OF BIOPOLITICAL NEOLIBERALISM | ||
| + | Nieto ‘12 /Diego, full-time professor at the Political Studies Department, Universidad Icesi, Neoliberalism, Biopolitics, and the Governance of Transnational Crime Colombia Internacional 76, julio a diciembre de 2012: 137-165/ | ||
| + | Affirming that nation-states face diverse … formation and implementation (Rose and Miller 1992, 174). | ||
| + | |||
| + | SECURITIZATION OF FOOD IS PART OF THE MASTER NARRATIVE OF MODERNITY – INFINITE PROGRESS, MAN CONQUERS NATURE – THAT CAN ONLY RESULT IN VIOLENCE AND CAPITALIST DESTRUCTION | ||
| + | McMurry ’12 (Andrew, Assoc. Prof. of English @ U. of Waterloo, “Framing Emerson's “Farming”: Climate Change, Peak Oil, and the Rhetoric of Food Security in the Twenty-First Century” Interdiscip Stud Lit Environ (Summer 2012) Vol. 19.3) | ||
| + | None of the foregoing will ... North/South consumption, and biophysical drawdown. | ||
| + | |||
| + | MARIJUANA HAS AN AGGRESSIVELY LOW IMPACT ON CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE | ||
| + | Kornell – their author – 10 (Sam Kornell, Journalist @ PSmag and Slate, “Marijuana, Dark Horse Savior of California Agriculture”, http://www.psmag.com/legal-affairs/marijuana-dark-horse-savior-of-california-agriculture-11863/, October 29, 2010) | ||
| + | If that’s true, it means … hotter and how much drier. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THEIR EVIDENCE JUST SAYS THEY LEAD TO SWITCHING WEED FOR FOOD, WHICH RAISES FOOD PRICES NOOBS- IT ALSO ISN’T ACTUALLY GOOD FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, IT IS ONLY SLIGHTLY LESS BAD | ||
| + | Kornell ’10 (Sam Kornell, Journalist @ PSmag and Slate, “Marijuana, Dark Horse Savior of California Agriculture”, http://www.psmag.com/legal-affairs/marijuana-dark-horse-savior-of-california-agriculture-11863/, October 29, 2010) | ||
| + | While a legalized marijuana crop … to occur any time soon. | ||
| + | |||
| + | HIGH FOOD PRICES INEVITABLE- DROUGHT AND CONSTRAINED MEAT MARKETS- REGULATING WEED GROWING DOESN’T MAKE IT RAIN MORE | ||
| + | Grieff ’14 (James Grieff, Bloomberg, “California drought points to next food-price shock”, http://journalstar.com/news/opinion/editorial/columnists/california-drought-points-to-next-food-price-shock/article_58f2e16c-99a3-50ee-ae46-1f4e2d928d73.html, April 17, 2014) | ||
| + | Drought in the United States, … be confined to U.S. shores. | ||
| + | THEIR IMPACT CARD TO BIODIVERSITY IS A DEVASTATING NEG UQ CARD, ONLY THE K SOLVES | ||
| + | Allen-Diaz – their author – 2k (B. Allen-Diaz is Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, UC Berkeley, “Biodiversity California’s is criticalto future health of ecology and economy”, CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE, VOLUME 54, NUMBER 2, 2000) | ||
| + | The diversity of plant communities provides habitat for numerous animal species (table 2). New native species are still being discovered, while habitat change — including urban growth and agriculture, and human resource extraction — are threatening others with extinction.¶ The most human-altered ecosystems in California, such as the L.A. Basin or the S.F. Bay Area or the Central Valley have been affected by agriculture, urbanization, grazing and timber harvesting. Noss and Peters (1995) report significant reductions in the native vegetation of several California plant communities and formations (table 1). Human activities have also introduced new species to California. The native California grasslands, for example, are now dominated by introduced species of Mediterranean Europe. The Jepson Manual lists 1,023 naturalized alien species (Hickman 1993). Whether these newcomers provide similar ecosystem benefits to people is matter of debate ( see box, p. 32 ). Managed grazing can be compatible and useful in meeting conservation objectives. Urbanization, on the other hand, generally encompasses a complete conversion of land with few accommodations for species or habitats. Agriculture is generally some-where between the two, depending on the agricultural method.¶ | ||
| + | |||
| + | LEGALIZATION PRODUCES BEST CASE $35 BILLION INDUSTRY | ||
| + | Ferner 14 Matt Ferner, staff writer HuffPost, citing GreenWave Advisors, a research and advisory firm, 10/23 “Marijuana Industry Could Be Worth $35 Billion In 2020, If All States And Feds Legalize It”, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/23/marijuana-legalization-50-states_n_6036292.html | ||
| + | |||
| + | If all 50 states legalized marijuana and the federal government ended prohibition of the plant, the marijuana industry in the United States would be worth $35 billion just six years from now. That's according to a new report from GreenWave Advisors, a research and advisory firm that serves the emerging marijuana industry in the U.S., which found that if all 50 states and the federal government legalized cannabis, combined sales for both medical and retail marijuana could balloon to $35 billion a year by 2020. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | US GDP IS $16.8 TRILLION, WHICH MEANS THEY TRANSLATE TO A ROUGHLY 0.2% EFFECT IN GDP | ||
| + | GOOGLE IN 5 MINUTES AGO | ||
| + | THAT IS ONE SEVENTH OF THE MARGIN OF ERROR IN BEA GDP GROWTH REVISION | ||
| + | 538 14 (ANDREW FLOWERS staff wrtier “The Messy Truth Behind GDP Data” http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/the-messy-truth-behind-gdp-data/ | ||
| + | The BEA releases multiple estimates … the state of the economy. | ||
| + | |||
| + | EVEN IF THE MONEY WERE POOLED IT WOULD BARELY COVER CALIFORNIA’S SCHOOL BUDGET SHORTFALL | ||
| + | Ceasar 11 (Stephen Ceasar and Teresa Watanabe, Los Angeles Times, July 31, 2011, “Education takes a beating nationwide” http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jul/31/nation/la-na-education-budget-cuts-20110731/2 | ||
| + | In California, state budget cuts … recent history, according to fiscal experts. | ||
| + | LET ALONE OUR INFRASTRUCTURE GAP, ALSO PEOPLE ARE REFUSING TO FUND INFRASTRUCTURE REGARDLESS OF MONEY | ||
| + | Cooper et al. ’12 (Donna Cooper is a Senior Fellow with the Economic Policy team at the Center for American Progress. John Craig is a Research Assistant with the Economic Policy team at the Center. Keith Miller is an intern with the Economic Policy team at the Center, “Accelerating Infrastructure Improvements with Better Public Policies that Tap Private Investment”, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/economy/report/2012/11/27/46079/accelerating-infrastructure-improvements-with-better-public-policies-that-tap-private-investment/, November 27, 2012) | ||
| + | |||
| + | The United States has underinvested … goals for carbon dioxide reduction. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE ASSUMPTION THAT EDUCATION IS NEUTRAL IS THE SINE QUA NON OF FAILED PROGRESSIVE POLITICS – ONLY BREAKING AWAY FROM INSTRUMENTALISM ALLOWS US TO COUNTER NEOLIBERAL POLITICS | ||
| + | Giroux 11 (Henry A. Giroux, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, 8 November 2011, “Beyond the Limits of Neoliberal Higher Education: Global Youth Resistance and the American/British Divide”, http://www.truth-out.org/beyond-limits-neoliberal-higher-education-global-youth-resistance-and-americanbritish-divide/1320688) | ||
| + | |||
| + | The corporatization of schooling and … by class, ethnicity, and race.[41] | ||
| + | |||
| + | Infrastructure funding is causing a bubble – spending cut would be good | ||
| + | Flyvbjerg, 10 - Professor of Major Programme Management at Oxford University's Saïd Business School and is Founding Director of the University's BT Centre for Major Programme Management. He was previously Professor of Planning at Aalborg University, Denmark and Chair of Infrastructure Policy and Planning at Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands (Bent, “Survival of the unfittest: why the worst infrastructure gets built—and what we can do about it,” Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Volume 25, Number 3, 2009, pp.344–367, Oxford Journals Online) | ||
| + | |||
| + | In the introduction to this article, … in 2009, moving into energy instead. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ECONOMIC DISCOURSE HIJACKS CLIMATE POLICY, ENFORCES BAD SOLUTIONS, TURNS THE AFF | ||
| + | Methmann ‘10 (Chris Paul, Prof. @ U. of Hamburg, “‘Climate Protection’ as Empty Signifier: A Discourse Theoretical Perspective on Climate Mainstreaming in World Politics” Millenium Journal of International Studies, Vol. 39, pp. 364-366) | ||
| + | As to the ethics of government, … in the climate protection discourse. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ZERO EMPIRICAL SUPPORT FOR ECONOMIC DECLINE CAUSING WAR | ||
| + | O’Neal and Tir 6 (John R. O’Neal, University of Alabama, Jaroslav Tir, University of Georgia “Does the Diversionary Use of Force Threaten the Democratic Peace? Assessing the Effect of Economic Growth on Interstate Conflict, 1921–2001,” International Studies Quarterly (2006) 50, 755–779) | ||
| + | The empirical evidence offered by … are divided into fine-grained political categories. 4 | ||
| + | |||
| + | ALT CAUSE – PERCEPTION OF US IMPERIALISM AND BUREAUCRATIC INEFFICIENCIES | ||
| + | Sanchez & Morrison 14 (Alejandro and Kelly, "The Future of the Organization of American States," E-International Relations, August 28, www.e-ir.info/2014/08/28/the-future-of-the-organization-of-american-states/) | ||
| + | The Organization of American States … the region’s key international organizations. | ||
| + | NO SPILLOVER TO HARD DRUGS | ||
| + | Miron 14 (Jeffrey Miron is Senior Lecturer and Director of Undergraduate Studies at Harvard University and Senior Fellow and Director of Economic Studies at the Cato Institute., "An Economic and Moral Case for Legalizing Cocaine and Heroin," CATO Institute, July 28, www.cato.org/publications/commentary/economic-moral-case-legalizing-cocaine-heroin) | ||
| + | Yet amidst these cultural and … between marijuana and “hard drugs.” | ||
| + | |||
| + | AFF DOESN’T SOLVE THE OTHER WAYS THAT THE UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTES TO THE GLOBAL WAR ON DRUGS | ||
| + | Ceste et al 10 – Deputy director of the Open Society Global Drug Policy Programme [Joanne Ceste, Richard Parker (Professor of Sociomedical Sciences @ Columbia University) & Nancy Worthington (PhD Candidate at Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University), “Rethinking the War on Drugs: The Impact of US Drug Control Policy on Global Public Health,” Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, Law and Policy Project Working Paper, (March 2010) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ¶ Whether the subject is stem … useful models for the world. | ||
| + | OAS INSTITUTIONAL MODEL AND FRACTURED POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES MEAN IT CAN’T SOLVE | ||
| + | Lee 12 (Brianna, "The Organization of American States," Council on Foreign Relations, April 13, www.cfr.org/latin-america-and-the-caribbean/organization-american-states/p27945) | ||
| + | CFR's Shannon K. O'Neil says the … of paper and a dream." | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE WAR ON DRUGS IS ACTUALLY ABOUT TERRORISM, SOFTENING MARIJUANA LAWS DOES NOTHING TO AFFECT COOPERATION WRIT LARGE | ||
| + | Taylor 13 (Steven L. Taylor is Professor and Chair of Political Science at Troy University, MONDAY, DECEMBER 23, 2013, “The USA v. the FARC,” http://www.outsidethebeltway.com/the-usa-v-the-farc/ | ||
| + | The FARC has also long … in the hemisphere over time). | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE OAS IS THE MURDER WEAPON OF IMPERIALISM | ||
| + | Rev Comm 2000 [Revolutionary Worker #1058, June 11, 2000¶ OAS: Tool of U.S. Imperialism¶ http://www.revcom.us/a/v22/1052-059/1058/oas.htm] | ||
| + | |||
| + | The corporate empire-builders expected … U.S.-dominated regional trade bloc... | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Fullerton Sems ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | LEGALIZATION IS REFORM IN THE NAME OF NEOLIBERALISM. THEIR DEMAND FOR CHANGE IS INEVITABLY COOPTED BY THE INSTITUTIONS THEY OPPOSE. IT IS BETTER TO LEAVE THE LAW IN PLACE AND CRITICIZE THE WAR ON DRUGS AS AN EXTENSION OF NEOLIBERAL CAPITAL. | ||
| + | Zizek ‘3 (Slavoj, http://www.egs.edu/faculty/slavoj-zizek/articles/homo-sacer-as-the-object-of-the-university-discourse/) | ||
| + | On today's market, we find … unfreedom on which it relies. | ||
| + | |||
| + | EXTINCTION | ||
| + | Robinson ‘14 (William I., Prof. of Sociology, Global and International Studies, and Latin American Studies, @ UC-Santa Barbara, “Global Capitalism: Crisis of Humanity and the Specter of 21st Century Fascism” The World Financial Review) | ||
| + | Cyclical, Structural, and Systemic Crises | ||
| + | Most commentators on the contemporary … is portrayed even as heroic. | ||
| + | |||
| + | JUST SAY NO TO PROBLEMATIZE THE FUNCTION OF BIOPOLITICAL NEOLIBERALISM | ||
| + | Nieto ‘12 /Diego, full-time professor at the Political Studies Department, Universidad Icesi, Neoliberalism, Biopolitics, and the Governance of Transnational Crime Colombia Internacional 76, julio a diciembre de 2012: 137-165/ | ||
| + | Affirming that nation-states face diverse … formation and implementation (Rose and Miller 1992, 174). | ||
| + | |||
| + | AFGHANISTAN INSTABILITY INEV– SECURITY, UNSTABLE PARTNERSHIPS, ETHNIC DISUNITY, NO AID, AND DUTCH DISEASE | ||
| + | Hammond 12/29 (Andrew Hammond is an Associate at LSE IDEAS at the London School of Economics. He was formerly a special adviser in the UK Government, “Instability Looms Large for Afghanistan”, Gulfnews.com, 21/29/14, http://gulfnews.com/opinions/columnists/instability-looms-large-for-afghanistan-1.1433593) | ||
| + | Former US presidential candidate, Senator … economy and the new government. | ||
| + | |||
| + | No India-Pakistan war – unwinnable for both sides and the costs of nuclear war are too high | ||
| + | Chari and Rizvi 08 – (*P. R. Chari is a research professor at the Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies in New Delhi and a former member of the Indian Administrative Service. Hasan Askari Rizvi is an independent political and defense consultant in Pakistan and is currently a visiting professor with the South Asia Program of the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University. “Making Borders irrelevant in Kashmir” http://www.usip.org/files/resources/sr210.pdf) | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Kashmir dispute has reached … movement of people and goods. | ||
| + | |||
| + | DRUG MONEY LAUNDERING KEY TO WESTERN BANK LIQUIDITY | ||
| + | Malone 8/18/12 http://www.golemxiv.co.uk/2012/08/a-word-about-banks-and-the-laundering-of-drug-money/ David Malone. Graduate of the BBC science department , employee of Horizon. Documentary Director of documenatires on science, religion, on BBC and other TV networks – | ||
| + | The reality is that drugs … centre and everyone knows it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | LIQUIDITY SHOCK CRUSHES GLOBAL ECONOMY | ||
| + | Evans-Pritchard 10/14/14 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/economics/11162217/BIS-warns-on-violent-reversal-of-global-markets.html nternational Business Editor, Uk Telegrpah | ||
| + | The global financial markets are … much for themselves,” he said | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE FEAR POLITICS OF THE AFF HAS TURNED OUR IMAGINATIONS INTO BUNKERS. THE AFF’S RITUALIZED PERFORMANCE OF SECURITY THREATS ENSURES UNENDING WARFARE AND INSECURITY, LOCKING LIFE IN THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SECURITY. | ||
| + | Masco ‘9 /Joseph P., Professor of Anthropology and of the Social Sciences @ The University of Chicago, 2008 Rachel Carson Prize from the Society for the Social Studies of Science and the 2006 Robert K. Merton Prize from the Section on Science, Knowledge and Technology of the American Sociology Association. His work as been supported by the American Council of Learned Societies, The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, The Wenner-Gren Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities, “Life Underground: Building the Bunker Society” Anthropology Now, Vol. 1, No. 2, SPECIAL ATOMIC ISSUE (September 2009), pp. 13-29/ | ||
| + | What has become of the … its bright and messy insecurity. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Harm reduction is way too politically unpopular to catch on | ||
| + | Cook et al 6/3/14 (Catherine Cook, Jamie Bridge, Susie McLean, Maria Phelan, Damon Barrett, “The funding crisis for harm reduction: Donor retreat, government neglect and the way forward”, http://www.ihra.net/files/2014/07/20/Funding_report_%C6%92_WEB_%282%29.pdf) | ||
| + | Underpinning many of these resource … this may further restrict investment. | ||
| + | |||
| + | DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA IS DOOMED | ||
| + | Diamond 14 (Jared Diamond, professor of geography and environmental health sciences at UCLA, Feb 19, 2014, “Four threats to American democracy” http://newsroom.ucla.edu/stories/four-threats-to-american-democracy-250120 | ||
| + | |||
| + | First, political compromise has been … Instanz, is that of the future. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE SYSTEM ALWAYS GETS BETTER UNTIL IT GETS WORSE | ||
| + | Toft 12 (Monica Duffy Toft, Associate Professor of Public Policy, Harvard Kennedy School, February 2, 2012, “The peace bubble”, http://www.powerandpolicy.com/2012/02/02/the-peace-bubble | ||
| + | |||
| + | Steven Pinker and Joshua Goldstein … can all too easily pop. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Fullerton Finals ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE AFF’S CLAIM THAT INTERNATIONAL LAW IS FRAGILE WITHOUT US ADHERENCE IS A DISAVOWAL OF THE IMMENSE POWER OF THAT LAW HAS TO SANCTION VIOLENCE AND STRUCTURE THE WORLD—THIS ATTITUDE DISAVOWS THE POLITICAL AND PROMOTES UNLIMITED VIOLENCE WITHOUT RESPONSIBILITY | ||
| + | Kennedy ‘9 (David, prof of law at Harvard Law School, “Reassessing international humanitarianism: the dark sides,” International Law and its Others, p. 150-152) | ||
| + | It has become routine to … our effects on the world. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THEIR ADVANTAGES ARE PROOF OF THE LAW’S CONTINGENCY—IF THE CLAIM TO JUSTICE COULD NOT FAIL, THEN IT WOULD BE STATED AS FACT, NOT JUSTIFIED WITH REASONS. TO VOTE AFF IS TO IGNORE THIS UNCERTAINTY IN FAVOR OF UNITY WHICH RESULTS IN UNLIMITED VIOLENCE. THE ACT OF VOTING NEGATIVE IN RECOGNITION OF LAW’S PARTIAL AND INCOMPLETE ORIGIN IS TO CRITIQUE THIS VIOLENCE AND ALLOW POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT | ||
| + | Douzinas ‘9 (Costas, Professor of Law and Dean of the Faculty of Arts, Birkbeck College, International Law and its Others, 52-53)) | ||
| + | But the confounding of particular … peace drowned in endless injustice. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE IMPACT IS INFINITE VIOLENCE – DEMOCRATIC DEVELOPMENT HAS BECOME A GLOBAL CIVIL WAR BETWEEN PROTECTED AND UNINSURED FORMS OF LIFE THAT WILL END IN SELF-ANNIHILATION | ||
| + | Duffield ‘8 (Mark, Dept. of Politics, U. of Bristol, “Global Civil War: The Non-Insured, International Containment and Post-Interventionary Society,” Journal of Refugee Studies Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 161-162) | ||
| + | This essay began with the … our own terms of engagement. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE AFF IS JUSTIFIED BY A LEGAL RATIONALE. THEIR CALL FOR THE PLAN IS BASED ON A CLAIM THAT INTERNATIONAL LAW REQUIRES IT, AND THEREFORE THAT YOUR ROLE AS A DECISIONMAKER IS TO IMPLEMENT THE LAW. THIS IS A DISAVOWAL OF HUMAN FREEDOM—OUR ALTERNATIVE IS TO CULTIVATE A POLITICAL ROLE FOR THE DECISIONMAKER AS A PREREQUISITE TO THE DECISION ITSELF, WHICH DEMANDS THAT YOUR DECISIONS ARE BASED ON YOUR OWN AGENCY RATHER THAN YOUR SUPPOSED DUTY TO VOTE FOR A PLAN IN EXECUTION OF THE LAW | ||
| + | Orford ‘9 (Anne, Chair of Law and Director of the Institute for International Law and the Humanities at the University of Melbourne, International Law and its Others, p. 16) | ||
| + | The chapter by David Kennedy … knowledge but not our power.56 | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE 1AC’S SUPPOSEDLY STRATEGIC UNWILLINGNESS TO DISCLOSE ANY SPECIFIC SECURITY THREAT SHOULD BE INTERPRETED NOT AS A LIBERAL MOVE, BUT AS PART AND PARCEL OF THE FUNCTIONING OF AMERICA’S SECURITY APPARATUS. THE KEY TO ITS CONTINUITY IS MAINTAINING AMERICANS ON A RAZOR’S EDGE JUSTIFIED BY FLIP FLOPPING BETWEEN SECRET TERRORIST THREATS AND GENERIC WORLDWIDE DANGER. THIS IS AN AFFECTIVE POLITICS THAT MOBILIZES ENVIRONMENTS OF FEELING TO MAINTAIN AND INACTIVE AND DOCILE CITIZENRY FOR THE CONTINUITY OF IMPERIALISM | ||
| + | Masco ‘14 (Joe, Professor of Anthropology @ U. Chicago, The Theater of Operations: National Security Affect from the Cold War to the War on Terror, pp. 14-20) | ||
| + | Perceptions of the future are … affective inten sities that can be instrumentalized. | ||
| + | |||
| + | They’ll use PMC’s instead which is just as bad if not worse. | ||
| + | Williams 14 – (December 2014, Dodeye Uduak, PhD, Department of Political Science, University of Calabar, Calabar - Nigeria , “The Commodification of War: Political, Legal and Moral Issues,” Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy, Vol 5 No 27, http://www.mcser.org/journal/index.php/mjss/article/viewFile/5231/5048) | ||
| + | |||
| + | From a strictly legal perspective, … only makes it more¶ difficult. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Too state centric – fails. | ||
| + | Landauer 14 – (2014, Carl, General Counsel, LOYAL3 Holdings, Inc, “The Ever-Ending Geography of International Law: The Changing Nature of the International System and the Challenge to International Law: A Reply to Daniel Bethlehem,” Eur J Int Law (2014) 25 (1): 31-34) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Daniel Bethlehem makes a convincing …‘displaced persons’ after the war. | ||
| + | |||
| + | International law can’t prevent war—it only matters when the stakes are small. Nobody takes reputational cost seriously and credibility doesn’t spill over across issue areas. | ||
| + | Guzman 10/31/14 (Andrew, Assistant Professor of Law, Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California at Berkeley, “A COMPLIANCE BASED THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW”) | ||
| + | |||
| + | All else equal, it is … is unlikely to alter behavior. | ||
| + | |||
| + | FULL LEGALIZATION IS NET BAD FOR THE STRENGTH OF INTERNATIONAL LAW | ||
| + | Rauch 10/16 (Jonathan Rauch, a contributing editor of National Journal and The Atlantic, is the author of several books and many articles on public policy, culture, and economics., "Marijuana Legalization Poses a Dilemma for International Drug Treaties," Brookings Institute, www.brookings.edu/blogs/fixgov/posts/2014/10/16-marijuana-enforcement-modernize-international-drug-treaties-rauch) | ||
| + | Here you don’t have the … rules that it sets forth. | ||
| + | |||
| + | THEY ARE FACTUALLY INCORRECT – THERE IS NO ESCAPE CLAUSE AS-APPLIED TO THE UNITED STATES IN THE SINGLE CONVENTION | ||
| + | TNI 14 (Transnational Intsitute, "The Rise and Decline of Cannabis Prohibition the History of cannabis in the UN drug control system and options for reform," March 7, www.tni.org/files/download/rise_and_decline_ch4.pdf) | ||
| + | The United States has invested … regarding cultivation and trafficking offences¶ (article 3, paragraph 6). | ||
| + | |||
| + | THE IMPACT IS THAT THE AFF IS NET WORSE THAN THE STATUS QUO AND UNDERMINES THE INTEGRITY OF THE TREATY SYSTEM. FLEXIBILITY IS ONLY ADMISSIBLE IN CASES OF A MINOR NATURE. | ||
| + | Martin Jelsma 14, coordinated TNI's Drugs & Democracy Programme, David R. Bewley-Taylor, University of Wales Swansea and Tom Blickman, “Cannabis reforms: the scope and limits of treaty latitude”, March, The Rise and Decline of Cannabis Prohibition, Transnational Institute, PDF | ||
| + | As discussed above, there remains … whether drug abusers or not.’ 86 | ||
bosu_neg.1421537306.txt.gz · Last modified: 2015/01/17 18:28 by bbolman
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